2 3- 



ZONES AND REGIONS 



[Pt. Ill, Sect. I 



different districts, frequently in such a way that one of the tree-forms 

 predominates over the others (see Figs. 116 and 121). Besides tree-palms, 

 lianes like Calamus and Desmoncus are rarely absent from the forest, as 

 well as short-stemmed species, like the species of Geonoma, or acaulous 

 forms. Palms also grow scattered over savannahs, for example species of 

 Hyphaene and Copernicia tectorum (Fig. 200). Real formations, palm- 



Fig. 119. Oreodoxa regia. Young specimen in the tropical rain-forest of Southern 

 Florida. From Garden and Forest. 



groves, appear chiefly on swampy or frequently inundated ground ; they 

 are formed by Mauritia setigera in Trinidad, by other species of Mauritia 

 in the north of South America, by Phoenix sylvestris in Cisgangetic 

 India (Fig. 120), by Nipa fruticans in the Eastern Asiatic mangroves 

 (Figs. 226 and 227). 



Next to the palms, the tree-like Gramineac, especially species of Bambusa 

 and Dendrocalamus (Fig. 113), belong to the most characteristic forms of 



