Ch. IV] WARM TEMPERATE MOIST SUMMER DISTRICTS 491 



accessory components of the forest are the endemic Juania australis, which forms 

 little o-roups, and a few tree-ferns with massive stems (Dicksonia Berteroana, Thyrso- 

 pteris elegans). Of the formerly abundant Santalum fernandezianum only one 

 livino- specimen is still known. Woody lianes are entirely absent from Mas-a-Tierra, 



FlG. 355. From the temperate rain-forest of Juan Fernandez : Psychotria pyrifolia. After Fr. Johow. 



for the apparently wild Lardizabala biternata, which is common in certain localities, 

 appears to come from the continent ; yet the luxuriant growth of this species, as well 

 as the appearance of a woody convolvulaceous liane on Mas-a-Tierra, show that the 

 insular position and not the climate is the cause of the absence of woody lianes. 

 However, two fine root-climbing ferns occur in the forest of Mas-a-Tierra, Nephrolepis 



