540 ZONES AND REGIONS [Pt. Ill, Sect. II 



folius, Nutt, species of Arctostapli3 r los, including A. Manzanita, species of Rhamnus 

 (Rh. tomentella, Benth., Rh. crocea, Nutt., both evergreen). Rhus diversiloba, Torr. 

 et Gra} 7 , Pentstemon diversifolius, Lindl., Diplacus glutinosus, Nutt. (Scrophularia- 

 ceae), Eriodictyon glutinosum, Benth. (Hydrophjdlaceae), Bigelowia arborescens, 

 A. Gray (Compositae), Umbellularia californica, Nutt. (a lauraceous plant, which 

 farther north becomes a tree in more humid localities, Fig. 274), and a few climb- 

 ing shrubs: Lonicera hispidula, Dougl., and Clematis lasiantha, Nutt. Dendro- 

 mecon rigidum, Benth. (Fig. 301), a shrubby papaveraceous plant with large flowers, 

 and in habit reminding one of the Mediterranean Cisti, though common in the Coast 

 Range, is rarer in the chaparrals of Sierra Nevada. 



6. SCLEROPHYLLOUS WOODLAND IN CHILI. 



Sclerophyllous woodland in Central Chili appears in the mountainous 

 region at altitudes between 1,000 and 2,000 meters ; there it forms hardly 

 penetrable, evergreen masses of shrub, which in specially favourable situa- 

 tions appears to be overtopped by trees. Its commonest component, 

 as a shrub or tree, is Ouillaja Saponaria, Molina (Rosaceae). Constantly 

 associated with this are Kageneckia oblonga, Ruiz et Pav. (Rosaceae), and 

 Rhus caustica, Hook, et Arn. (Anacardiaceae) ; but numerous other shrubs 

 also occur (Fig. 305). All these woody plants have small, at most middle- 

 sized, dry leaves, which are rich in sclerenchyma, and have a thick cuticle. 

 Half-shrubby and herbaceous climbing plants are common in these wood- 

 lands ; tuberous and bulbous plants (Liliaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Iridaceae 

 especially Sisyrinchium, and species of Oxalis) grow among them. Com- 

 mon forms differing from these are the huge bromeliaceous Puya coarctata, 

 together with Cereus Ouisco. 



SELECT LITERATURE. 



Behr, H. Ueber die Verhaltnisse der siidaustralischen Flora im Allgemeinen. 



Linnaea. Bd. XI. 1847. 

 Bolus, H. Sketch of the Flora of South Africa. The Official Handbook, Cape of 



Good Hope, 1886. 

 Flahault, Ch. I. La distribution geographique des vegetaux dans un coin du Langue- 



doc. Montpellier, 1893. 

 II. Les herborisations aux environs de Montpellier. Journal de botanique. 



Tomes I et II. 

 III. Projet de carte botanique, forestiere et agricole, de la France. Bulletin de 



la Societe botanique de France. Tome LI. 1894. p. lvi. 



IV. La garigue. Journal de botanique. 1888. 



Jonsson, Bengt. Bidrag till Kannedomen om bladetsanatomista byggnad hos Pro- 



teacerna. Inaug. Diss. Lund, 1880. 



