744 



ZONES AND REGIONS [Pt. Ill, Sect. IV 



Peruvo-Bolivian plateau. They seldom occur at altitudes less than 11,000- 

 12,000 feet ; they measure 12 to 18 in. in diameter, are mostly circular, 

 seldom oblong, stiff, hard, brush-like, and almost always covered with sand 



Fig. 441. Alpine rosette-plants of the paramos and punas, i. Carmelita formosa (Compositae). 

 Chili. 3,200 meters. 2. Eryngium humile. New Grenada to Ecuador. 2,900-3,700 meters. 

 3. Calycera eryngioidcs. Chili. All natural size. After Weddell. 



on the side of the prevailing wind, so that only a segment of the circle 

 vegetates, and as even this for the greater part of the year appears yellowish 



