767 



hijperhorea is often found in the association. The lamina of L. 

 hijperborea in this sheltered place is often only slightly divided, 

 sometimes even perfectly wliole as with f. ciicullata of L. digitata, 

 whicli species may also be found belonging to the association 

 especially in shallower water. 



The Laminaria /'ceroe/js/s- association has also been found at 

 the bottom of Trangisvaag and Vaagfjord on Sj^dero, and in Kal- 

 bakfjord and Kollefjord on Stromo, and in Skaalefjord on Ostero, 

 that is, in the most sheltered localities, but nowhere so luxuriantly 

 developed as in the »Sundene«. 



This vegetation is however quite wanting in piaces where there 

 is a current or surf from the sea. Here we find a Laminaria 

 hyperborea -associaiion which essentially resembles that of exposed 

 coasts. The rapid current makes up for the troubled sea and con- 

 stantly carries clean water to the algæ. In these conditions we 

 therefore find an epiphytical vegetation on the stalk of L. hyper- 

 borea, as luxuriant and well developed as on exposed coasts. La- 

 minaria digitata is often found intermingled in the upper part of 

 the association, and both here and lower down Laminaria saccharina 

 and Alaria escnienta may be found. 



Si m mons mentions a Laminaria longicrnris-formaiion (78, p. 256) 

 which he calls this association, following my former determination 

 of Laminaria færoensis. 



The Desmarestia- Association. 



Here and there, where the bottom is stony, at a depth of about 

 10 fathoms, we find an association which mainly consists of Des- 

 marestia acnleata with Desmarestia viridis intermingled. To judge 

 from the dredgings, this association was well developed at the 

 entrance of the gulf at Klaksvig, where it has also been observed 

 by Si m mon s. Phyllophora Brodiæi, Polyides rotnndns, Porphyra 

 miniata, Antithamnion Plnmnla, and some few Laminaria saccharina 

 and L. hyperborea were also found here on stones. Si m mons men- 

 tions Ph. rubens and Ph. membranifolia in this locality, but my obser- 

 vations (8, p. 358) indicate that this must certainly be a mistake. 

 In the »Sundene« I have met with a similar Desmaresfza-association ; 

 and Porphyra coccinea was found growing on Desmarestia acnleata 

 which may be perfectly hidden by this beautiful, little rosy alga. 



On the coasts of the Færoes this /)(?s/27ores//a-association is at- 

 tached to the bottom, even in sheltered piaces. Some loose speci- 



