930 



a fjord, the vegetation is of the ordinary inland type, frequently 

 wilh a small lake present. On passing over this and approaching 

 the clilY-edge (i. e. the western side of Sydero) another very charac- 

 teristic vegetation is met with. All the piants are small and low, 

 a feature probably due to the force of the wind which sweeps over. 

 The soil is rich in humus and frequently peaty, but not particularly 

 moist. Under these conditions the piants of the Ejder all tend to 

 be dwarfed in stature, a feature already referred to (p. 885) and 

 particularly marked in a plant like Lijchnis flos ciiciiU. 



This well marked association I propose to designate the Plan- 

 tago-maritima association after the plant which predominates 

 both in number and in constancy. Plantago maritima, always 

 an extremely polymorphous species, occurs in this association with 

 short fleshy leaves and short-stem medglobular inflorescences which 

 hardly rise above the crowded rosettes of leaves. 



The following are representative examples of the association and 

 its constituent piants. 



1. Kvalbo-Ejde on Sydero. Plantago maritima dominant with 

 Plantago coronopus and P. lanceolata, Brunella, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca 

 rubra and F. ovina, Armeria, Thynius and Bellis. A siniilar vegetation 

 occurred also on the west side of an Ejde rather more to ttie north 

 near Kvalbo, but in piaces the dense plant-carpet was torn up by the 

 wind to such an extent that large sharply defined patches were entirely 

 denuded, except some isolated tabular masses of soil still covered with 

 a dense vegetation (see Fig. l67, p. 886). 



2. The Ejde in the Kvalvig-valley, Sydero. The Plantago- 

 association occurs on the western side on a steep slope towards the 

 ocean (about 100 m.). Plantago maritima dominant; Thymus, Armeria, 

 and Silene acaulis are subdominant species; Festuca rubra and Plantago 

 lanceolata occur somewhat dispersed, while here and there one sees 

 Agrostis vulgaris, Festuca ovina, Selaginella, Ranunculus acer, Sagina 

 procumbens, Cerastium vulgare, Luzula multiflora, Nardus, Anthoxanthum 

 and Bellis. On piaces which had been entirely denuded, we found that 

 single piants of Montia, Koenigia and Juncus bufonius had made their 

 appearance. 



3. Vaags Ejde, Sydero. This Ejde lies on the western side 

 about 25 m. above sea-level. Plantago maritima dominates. The following 

 were also recorded, all in a dwarfed condition: Plantago coronopus, 

 Juncus lampocarpus, Leontodon autumnale, var. Taraxaci, Lychnis, Bellis, 

 Ranunc. flammula. Sagina procumbens, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, 

 Carex Goodenoughii, C. flava. Brunella, Euphrasia minima, etc. The soil 

 here was more peaty than on the other Ejder, and this was also indi- 

 cated by the occurrence of some bog-plants. These latter disappear a 

 little way up the mountain-side, being replaced by Silene acaulis, etc, 

 but Plantago remains the dominant species. 



4. The Planlag o-maritima association occurs on other istands besides 



