42 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vol. i 



delightful. In early suiiiiner too a lovely Weigella {Diervilla florida var. 

 venusta Rehd.) and the Rose Indigofera (Indigofera Kirilowii Maxim.) 

 are clothed with their attractive flowers and since the plants are plentiful 



the display is conspicuous. Very plentiful in open country and thin woods 

 is that harbinger of spring Rhododendron mncronnlatum Turcz. and so too 

 is the less well-known R. poukfiancnsc Lev. which with its compact, twiggy 

 growth and wealth of fragrant, rosy-mauve colored flowers is a feature of 

 the countryside in late A])ril and May from Quel})aert northward to the 

 latitude of Pingj^ang. On rocky, grass-clad slopes it covers areas which 

 on the foothills of Chiri-san are acres in extent; on Quelpaert it grows in 

 great plenty from sea-level to the summit of Ilallai-san (alt. lOo'i m.). 

 The white-flowered Rambler Rose (Rosa multijlora Tlnmb.) and its more 

 northern and handsomer relative R. Jackii Rehd., are also among the 

 features of the early summer flora of Korea. 



Since Pine and Fir arc the dominant trees in the landscape over much 

 of Korea the flowering shrubs and trees are well provided with a settiug 

 which enhances their beauty whether it be the flowers in spring and summer 

 or the tinted foliage in autunm. Often in thin woods of Red Pine the under- 

 growth is almost entirely of pink, rose, or rosy-mauve Azaleas and the rose- 

 colored Indigofera and sucli places are perfect gardtms. 



In species of clinil)ing plants Korea is poor and it boasts no Wistaria nor 

 anything a])proximating in beauty. However, climbing i)lants are plentiful 

 if not varied, and in autumn the tints of Veitch's Am])eloj)sis and of the Amur 

 Graj)e {Vitis anivrensis Ruj)r.) are not exceeded in brilliancy anywhere. 

 In early summer two Actinidias (Actinidia kolomikta Maxim., A, pohjgavia 

 Maxim.) with fragrant, white flowers in clusters hidden beneath tlie leaves, 

 a great many of which are pure white or half white and half green, are strik- 

 ing objects on the mountain slopes. The white leaves change to pink and 

 rose as the flowering jjeriod passes. In sunniier the most noteworthy 

 climber is Tripterygium Rcgelil Sprague & Takeda, wnth its bright brown, 

 lenticellate branches, large j>anicles of pure w^hite flowers which are fol- 

 lowed by white changing to pink, bladder-like fruits. It is abundant, 

 S])rawling over shrubs and small trees and sometimes over larger trees fifty 

 feet and more tall. 



Korea from early times has been the highway over wdiich many Chinese 

 j)lants of economic value and of ornamental character have travelled to Ja- 

 pan. For example: — Chinese Persimmon {Diospyros Jcald L.), Sand Pear 

 (Pyrus seroiina var. cidia Rehd.), Korean Apple (at present called Mains 

 asiatica Nakai), Ja})anese Plum {Prunus salicina Lindl.), Bush-cherry (P. 

 tomentosaT\iniih.),y'dTxV\s\\ Tree (Rhus verniclflua Stokes), ^loutan Paeony 

 {Paconia snjfruticosa Andrews), the Paulownia {Pauloirnia tonicnlom K, 

 Koch) and others, all indigenous in China, reached Jaj)an by way of Ko- 

 rea. Likewise certain Korean plants were long ago introduced to Japan 

 and reached Europe and America from there at a later date. Among 

 older examples may be instanced Pinus koraicnsis S. & Z., Cornus offici- 

 nalis S. & Z., and Diervilla florida S. & Z.; in more recent times RJwdo- 



