134 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vol. i 



Lamarck based his Q, hispanica on three different trees of unknown origin 

 cultivated in tlie ])ark of Trianon near Paris. The first two forms called 

 a. Cliene de Gil)raltar and ^. Cheuc a feuilles d'Aegylo{)S arc a])])arently 

 identical with the Fulham and Lucombe Oaks of English gardens which 



origmated about 1765 and are undoubtedly hybrids between Q. Ccrris L. 

 and Q, Suhcr L. The third form called y. turnere is Q. Tnrneri Willd. 

 probably a hybrid between Q, Ilex and Q, rohur. The Q, fscudosuher of 

 Santi of wlilch I have seen numerous specimens from diflTercnt Jocalities I 

 am unable to distinguish from the cultivated forms of the hybrid l)etween 

 Q. Ccrris aiid Q, suhcr. It seems to occur in southern Europe only in scat- 

 tered individuals in regions wliere Q. Ccrris is native and when^ Q. suhcr is 

 found either wild or cultivated; e.g. near Tola, Istria, where (^. pseudosuhcr 

 has been observed, old trees of Q. suhcr exist, as stated by nemi)el & Wil- 

 helm (liiiume & Striiuch. ii. 8*2). Even if Q. pseudosuhcr should be found 

 in localities where at present no cultivated trees of Q. sid)cr exist, this 

 would be no proof against its hybrid origin, as trees of Q. suhcr may have 

 existed and succumbed to a severe winter, while the hybrid which is more 

 resistant has survived. 



Several distinct forms of this hvbrid occur in cultivation of wliich the 

 follo^\ing are the most distinct and best known. To avoid confusion 1 have 

 preserved for the tyjncal form its oldest varietal name. 



X Q. hispanica var. dentata, comb. nov. — Q. hispcnilra a. ** Chene de 

 Gibraltar " Lamarck, Encycl. Meth. i. 7U2 (178;3). — Q. Ccrris var. dentata 

 Watson, Dendr. I?rit. li. t. 93 (18^5).— Q. Ccrris 8, fulhamcnsis Loudon, 

 Arb. Brit, in. 18.50, fig. 1710 (1838). — Q. pseudosuhcr ^ gibraltarica A. De 

 Candolle, 1^'odr. xvi. pt. it. 44 (18G4). — Q. Ccrris e. suhpercuuis *i, Ful- 

 hamcnsis Dipi)el, Ilandb. Laubh. ii. 06 (180^2). — Q. fulhamcnsis Zabel in 

 Beissner, ScliclK^ & Zal)el, Ilandb. 70 (1903). — Q. Lucomhcana var. a. 



fulhamcnsis Henry in Elwes & Henry, Trees Gt. Brit. v. 1261, t. 335, fig. 

 21 (1910). 



This form is chiefiy characterized by its pyramidal habit with moder- 

 ately corky branches, by its generally elliptic-ovate leaves with 5-8 teeth, 

 and by the hemis])heric cuj) with the scales usually all reflcxed. It is the 

 typical form and is not identical with Q. Ccrris Lucomhcana dentata Loud. 

 {Q, Lucomhcana var. dentata WQnry), 



X Q. hispanica ^'ar. latifolia, comb. nov. — Q, Lucomhcana var. fulha- 

 incnsis latifolia Henry in Elwes & Henry, Trees Gt. Brit, v. 12G2 (1910). — ■ 

 Q. fulha}neftsis latifolia Ilort. ex Henry, 1. c, i)ro synon. 



This form differs from the preceding chiefly in its broader, less strongly 

 dentate leaves. 



X Q. hispanica var. Lucombeana, comb. nov. — Q. hispanica ft. "' Chene 



a feuilles d'Aegy]oi)S " Lamarck, Encycl. Meth. i. 7!23 (1783). — Q. acgy- 

 lopifolia Persoon, Syn. ii. 570 (1807). — Q. Lucomhcana Sweet, Hort. Brit. 

 370 (1827).— Henry in Elwes & Henrj^ Trees Gt. Brit. v. 12;'59, t. 33o, 

 fig. 23 (1910). — Q. Ccrris var. Lucomhcana Loudon, Arb. Brit. in. 1851, 

 figs. 1711- 11 (1838). — Q. exoniensis Loddiges ex Loudon, 1. c., pro synon, — 



