m JOT'RNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vol. ii 



Hook. & Arn. and ^S". JIayataianum Pcrk. are ^^rominont, and so too is the 

 interesliiig Alniphyllum plerospennum ^latsiim., a slender tree Avitli bark 

 flaking off and leaving l^rown scars, and highly tinted antunm foliage. 

 The wry dislincL Malu.s Jormoaana Kawak. & Koidz., several species of 

 Eriobotrya and two of PauloAvnia arc also found in lliis" forest zone. Among 

 the Laiiraceae the Cami)lu)r-tree on account of its economic importance 

 demands first-mention though large trees are rarely seen except in the 

 regions remote from Chinese and Jajianese liabitations. T saw more trees 

 on the west coast than elsewhere. Several other species of Cinnamomum 

 are common, including C. Kauahirai Hay., all of great size, but none yield 

 camphor. The genus Atachilus is very rich in species, one of the handsom- 

 est of which, but witli ba<l-smelling flowers, is M. I\}(-sanoi Hay. Another 

 genus represented by two species is Cryptocarya and lliese and Bcihchmicdia 

 eryfhropliloia Hay. are very common trees. Fagaceae are very rich in 

 species of Castatiopsis, ]>ithocarj)US and Quercus many of which have re- 

 markable fruits. Of lh(* first of these genera sucli s];ecies as ('. JinujhuJtnii 

 Tlay., C taiwaniana Hay. and C.Jormosana Hay. are very lofty trees. Less 

 tall but very interesting is C. Kmrakamii Hay. willi large, rastanea-like 

 fruit and shaggy bark flaking off in thick i>lates. Tlie Lilhocarpus arc on 

 the whole smaller trees l)ut such as Z. Kawahamii Hay. with exceptionally 

 large, strongly veined, leathery leaves and L. cadanopsisiJoHa Hay. with a 

 large, thick-shelled mit almost completely enclosed in (he tuberculate 

 cupule arc remarkable species. The loftiest species is /. aDnjgdalifoUa Hay, 

 which usually has a strongly buttressed bole clean of branches for sixty or 

 more feet. The curious L, Kofushii Hav. with its flattened inch-1)road 

 nuts and sliallow cu])ule is usually a large })ush and at best is never more 

 than a slender tree less than thirty feet tall. This and other species are a 

 special feature of the forest round Lake Candidius. Of Oaks Qucrcuh' 

 pxintdoniyrsinacJoUa Hay. and Q. gilra Bl. produce the ])est timber^but are 

 perhaps hv^s common than other species such as Q. pachyloma Seem., 

 Q. (jlauca Thunl)., Q. Uymcnfosicupida Hay. and Q. longhnrr Hay. The for- 

 ests of this lower mountain-zone are seen to good advantage in the ascent 

 to Ari-san and in the neighborhood of Iveitao, they are, however, finer on 



Mt. Taihoi in Giran ])rcfccture, on the sea-clifl's of northeast Formosa, in 

 Karenko j)refecture, and beyond LVai which is only a few miles west of 

 Tailioku, the capital city. Except on the steeper mountains and where 

 hard rock prevails they are unfortunately being <lesfroyed l)y axe and fire 

 to make way for Sugar and Camphor plantations. 



Near Lake Candidius and the town of Horisha Podocarpus Nakaii Hay., 

 a si)ecies very near P. macrophyllus D. Don is common but is a tree of small 

 size. Tn Giran an<l Karenko prefectures, P. ncuji 7aA\, & ]\IoriIzi is fairly 

 plentiful though I did not sec a good tree. But, strictly speaking, Taxaccae 

 are noAvhcre really well represented. Conifers are rare on the lower moun- 

 tains. Xear L'rai the interesting L'lhoccdnts macrolcpis Bcnth. & Hook. 



grinvs on cliffs and sleep, rocky slopes scattered among (he broad-leaf ever- 

 greens, but unable to withstand the comi)etition is fast disappearing. It is 



