248 BULLETIN 197, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



not differ greatly from the above descriptions, but Ralph Hoffmann 

 (1927) adds that "it has besides a tschuk tschuk uttered in a low 

 inquiring tone, and a low whit whit.'''' 



Field marks. — Hutton's vireo is a small vireo, but not the smallest ; 

 it is smaller than Cassin's or the western warbling vireo, but larger 

 than the least vireo. It is the greenest of all the Pacific coast vireos. 

 It has a prominent eye, with an incomplete white eye ring, set in 

 a rather large round head, and has two faint white wing bars. 

 It might easily be mistaken for a female ruby-crowned kinglet, with 

 which it is often associated in winter, but it is larger, has a stouter 

 bill, its movements are more deliberate, with less flicking of the wings, 

 and its notes are entirely different. 



Enemies. — Mr. Van Fleet (1919) says that "as the nest is strongly 

 anchored to green wood and deeply cupped the danger of accident or 

 disease is reduced to a minimum. The nests are invariably so well 

 concealed that a marauding jay or squirrel has little chance of discover- 

 ing it, unless by accident. In fact I have never found but one raided 

 nest." But the dwarf cowbird succeeds in finding it occasionally. 



Winter. — Hutton's vireo is resident all winter throughout prac- 

 tically all of its breeding range, in its usual haunts among the ever- 

 green oaks and some of the conifers, firs in the north and pines and 

 cypresses in the south. At that season, it is often found associated with 

 kinglets, various warblers, bushtits, chickadees, and other small birds 

 that frequent such localities. It is often heard singing during the 

 latter part of February. 



DISTRIBUTION 



Range. — From southwestern British Columbia to central Mexico; 

 not definitely migratory. 



Breeding range. — The Hutton's vireo breeds north to southwestern 

 British Columbia (San Josef, Vancouver Island; Kingcome Inlet and 

 Chilliwack, possibly) ; northwestern Washington (Bellingham and 

 Tacoma) ; western Oregon (Portland) ; through tlie interior of 

 California (Baird, Grass Valley, and Big Creek) ; southeastern Ari- 

 zona (Santa Catalina Mountains, Graham Mountains, and Chiricahua 

 Mountains) ; extreme southwestern New Mexico (Cloverdale and the 

 Animas Mountains) ; and southwestern Texas (Chisos Mountains). 

 East to southwestern Texas (Chisos Mountains) ; Coahuila (Diamente 

 Pass) ; and Tamaulipas (Miquihuana) . South to Tamaulipas (Miqui- 

 huana), Durango (EI Sal(o) ; Sinaloa (mountains south of Babizos) ; 

 and the Cape region of Lower California (Miraflores). West to 

 Lower California (Miraflores, Victoria Mountains, San Ramon, and 

 Ensenada) ; the coastal region of California (Escondido; Santa Cata- 

 lina, San Rosa, and Santa Cruz Islands; Santa Barbara, Santa Cruz, 

 Oakland, and Eureka) ; western Oregon (Grants Pass and Coos Bay) ; 



