A TUSAYAN FOOT RACE. 115 



Wal-pi takes its name from its vicinity to a gap in the 

 mesa, Te-wa from the racial affinities of the inhabitants, 

 Mi-c6n-in-o-vi from the two i)innacles which rise from the 

 foot hills, and Ci-pdu-lo-vi irom the adjoining peach or- 

 chards. All the villages with the exception of Te-vva,^ 

 speak the same language, and although there are varititions 

 in certain of their manners and customs, they are in the 

 main similar. The towns of the East Mesa are the best 

 known, and 0-rai-bi from its present (1891) hostile atti- 

 tude is practically unexplored ground. 



The foot race described in the present article is called 

 the Wd-wdc-kd-tci-nd, and has twice been witnessed by the 

 author. These races were so difierent from those which 



II have already elsewhere called attention to the fact that there is a difference 1 in- 

 guislically and otherwise between Te-wa and the other two towns on the East Mesa. 

 The history of the ancestors of these Te-wans who settled aniony the Hopi, as far 

 as their departure from their old home is concernetl, is partially known, and at least 

 the approximate time when they came into the country has been recorded. The 

 problem concerning the mutual relations of the villages which especially concerns 

 the ethnologist is an investigation of the mutual changes which have come to both 

 peoples by the association in their isolated homes. Preserving as they do their 

 own language it is but natural to suspect that they brought and kept alive many of 

 their old customs. We know that the women at the present day for instance, drees 

 differently fi om tlrose of the Hopi women and there is more or less variation in 

 many of their customs. 



Of the ceremonials which the Te-wans have imported may possibly be mentioned 

 the Mucai zru, or bison dance. An exhaustive comparison of the modilication 

 in their language with that of the Eastern Te-wans is yet to be made, and there is 

 also a great field open for a study of their equivalents of the Hopi divinities. When 

 that is accomplished we shall be in a fair way to take stejis in the identification of 

 Hopi divinities, with those of the more eastern pueblos. I have alieady made a be- 

 ginning in this study but have not yet progressed far enough to make known my 

 conclusions. 



In a broader way we have still a more general problem presented by the pueblo 

 life of Tusayan. It has long been claimed and generally accepted that these peo- 

 ple are related to the Shoslionees. As to the justice of that relationship I do not 

 know enough to express any opinion, but if the linguistic relationship is near, 

 it is an important problem to trace out the relationship between their customs 

 and those of the nomadic tribes of the same stock, and it becomes an interesting 

 study to determine the amount of influence resulting from their adoption of the 

 village habits. The field for research which here opens is of a most general char- 

 acter and of greatest inportance. Of the relationships with the Nahuatl, I shall 

 speak in a future publication, for I am not yet prepared to say that the relationship 

 is close, although there are several significant resemblances in ceremonials whicli 

 call for more facts for solution. 



