A TUSAYAN FOOT RACE. 133 



the same in the Snake Ceremony were brought up from the 

 underworld,^ or certain exphmations of why certain cere- 

 monials are performed have been handed down from the 

 ancients, no one can doubt. But human invention has 

 been fertile through that lapse of time and local coloring 

 has modified the explanations until it may have lost much 

 of its original value. It is more than we can expect that 

 the priests oflSciating in a ceremony can give other than a 

 traditional explanation. His testimony is a valuable con- 

 tribution to an understanding of local modifications, but 

 the question is too great for him to answer. The insidi- 

 ous influence which leads the observer to enlarge upon 

 possible explanations suggested by priests who may have 

 received their explanations must be carefully controlled, 

 otherwise folk-lore becomes useless as a scientific contri- 

 bution. At most the explanation given by priests is only 

 one means to bring to a solution of the question of the 

 meaning of religious ceremonials and its limitation should 

 be properly recognized. 



EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. 



PLATE I. 



Fig. 1. Hu-fm-wuli. 



Fig. 2. Ute-ce-e-ka-tci-na. 



Fig. 3. Line of Ta-tcuk-ti with priest awaiting the contestants in 



the race. 

 Fig. i. Ke-se-ka-tci-na. 



PLATE II. 



Fig. 1. Maslj of Ute-ce-e used in the Hu-niis-ka-tci-na. 



Fig. 2. " " Vte-ce-e. 



Fig. 3. " " Vte-ce-e from the kib-va, not observed to be worn 



in the race or in a dance. 

 Fiff. 4. Mask of Hu'-hu-wuh. 



iThe Hopi, in common with some other pueblo people, believe that men came 

 upon the surface of the earth crawling out of an opening near the San Juan river, 

 and called Sipapu. The Tusayan Tewans claim that they did not issue from the same 

 Si-pa p u as the Hopi but from another in the far east, which they cull Sip'o-p'o-nl. 



