THE RETROSPECT OF THE YEAR. 129 
ory tliMi these people with their more than eighty distinct 
hingu.'iges, all sprang from one race. There was one type 
on the Pacific coast which had developed and attained a 
high mental cnltnre long before the other and diflVrent race 
had shown itself on the Atlantic coast. 
There is the strongest evidence that people w^ere living 
south of the great glacial lielt, at the period of the gravel 
deposits with the Mastodons and Mammoths. 
The Professor illustrated his lecture by many excellent 
lantern pictures including views of the skeletons of the 
longheaded type of the human race which occupied the 
northeastern coast, and were found a few years ago bur- 
ied at Winthrop, Mass. He placed the time of these bur- 
ials at from 1620 to 1630. In the vertebra of one was 
found a brass-headed arrow the head of which had pene- 
trated the bone. This brass head indicated contact with 
the whites. 
Monday, March 3, 1890.— Ron. William D. Northend 
delivered a lecture (m the administrations of Conant and 
Endicott. The lecturer began by saying that the terms 
used to distinguish the first settlers of the Massachusetts 
Bay Colony from those of Plymouth were misleading — 
Puritans and Pilgrims. The term Puritan had been aj)- 
plied to the non-conformists, the se})aratists, the presby- 
terians under the long parliament and the independents 
under Cromwell, and the word pilgrim had no significance 
in explanation of the religious views of the settlers of 
Plymouth. They were separatists and the settlers of Sa- 
lem and Boston were non-conformists, and these were the 
terms he should use in reference to the diflerent settle- 
ments. He described the class known as separatists or 
Brownists, from the name of Brown, their founder. They 
differed essentially from the non-conformists in that they 
