HUGO RIED'S account OF THE INDIANS 



LETTER III. 



The Santa In6z tongue is understood by the Indians of 

 the Purissima, Santa Barbara* and San Buenaventura, 

 with this difference, that the two latter splutter their 

 words a little more, which almost seems impossible ! 

 The I is used in this tongue, although not in the Gabrielino, 

 which is strange. The only word in the Gabriel tongue 

 which has an I is an interjection, dlala, equal to Oho ! 

 The Serranos have no I either, in use, and their language 

 is as easy as that of San Gabriel. 



The Serranos generally employ a <, when the Gabriel- 

 inos would use an r. 



LETTER IV. 



Gabrielino. 



Father, mother, husband, son, daughter, face, hair, ear, 

 tongue, mouth and friend, are words never used without 

 a personal pronoun, as : 



Father, nach^ my father, ni nack, thy father, mo nack, 

 his or her father, a nack. 



Husband and wife. If they have had children, instead of 

 saying ni asum, my husband, they often say ni tdliaisum, 

 which may be translated ^a?*^ of my body. 



All brothers older than the speaker are styled apa; 

 ni apa, my brother ; all younger, by apeitz; ni apeitz, my 

 younger brother. They have no word to express Indian. 

 Tahat signifies people. The whites are termed chichina- 

 bro, reasonable beings. 



Face and eyes are expressed by the same word. 



Ear, nanah; the leaves of a tree are called its ears. 



Snow and ice are the same.^ 



Tobagnar, the whole earth ; lahur, a portion of it, a 

 piece of land. 



