PLATE XIII 



Fig. I. — Dense stand of lodgepole pine, with undergrowth of red huckleberry (Vac- 

 cinium scoparium). Canadian zone (lodgepole-pine association). 



Fig. 2. — ^A flat eminence in the Hudsonian zone, showing the characteristic clumped 

 growth of whitebark pine and Alpine fir. The glade land was formerly densely vege- 

 tated with mountain bunch-grass. 



Fig. 3. — Irregular topography of the upper grazing lands. On northerly exposiues 

 snow often remains until August. Photographed on July 25, 1908. Hudsonian zone 

 (whitebark-pine association). 



