33° Journal of Agricultural Research voi. m. No. 4 



growing about commercial citrous orchards that the succession of fruits 

 in which the Mediterranean fruit fly can breed during the large portion 

 of the year when citrous fruits are unavailable for attack because of 

 their greenness will be reduced to a minimum, if not entirely done away 

 with. It is under conditions such as can be secured in California and 

 Florida that the excessive mortality occurring in the rind will become a 

 valuable factor in preventing infestation or establishment of the pest, as 

 each fruit will in reality become a trap for stray females. The scarcity 

 of host fruits will also make spraying with poisoned baits a practical 

 undertaking, should it become necessary to resort to artificial methods 

 of control. 



Adverse climatic conditions at a season when citrous fruits are most 

 susceptible to attack, solid plantings of Citrus in commercial orchards, 

 a scarcity of noncitrous host fruits, the ease with which the fly can be 

 reduced by spraying with poisoned baits, and the general practices fol- 

 lowed in harvesting fruits make it possible for the citrous growers of 

 California and Florida to rest assured that the discovery of the Medi- 

 terranean fruit fly in either State will not bring about the ruination of 

 the industry. Its presence will be a constant menace, but it can be 

 successfully fought. 



LITERATURE CITED 



1817. Latreille, p. a. Les Tephrites. In Ctivier, G.. I,a rfegne animal, v 3, 



p. 647. Paris. 

 1829. MacLeay, W. S. Notice of Ceraiitis citriperda, an insect very destructive to 



orange. In Zool. Jour. [London], v. 4, p. 475-492, pL 15, 1829. 

 1842. BrSmE, F. de. Note sur le genre Ceratiiis de M. MacLeay. In Ann. Soc. Ent. 



France, v. 11, p. 183-igo, pL 7, fig. 1-5, Stance du 4 mai, 1S42. 



1848. Westwood, J. O. The orange fly. In Gard. Chron., 1848, no. 37. p. 604, 3 fig. 



Account of Ceratitis capitata and character of injury. 

 1859. GouREAU, Col. In Ann. Soc. Ent. France, ser. 3, v. 7, Bui., p. xlui-xi.v, 

 Stance du 23 mars, 1859. 



Communication on Ceratitis hispanica reared from an orange sent to M. Gourcau by M, \'ille- 

 neuve. 



1870. RoNDANi, C. Ortalidinae italicae collectae, distinctae et in ordincm dispo- 



sitae . . . Dipterologiae italicae prodromi, Pars VIL fasc. 4. In Bui. Soc. 

 Ent. Ital., V. 2, p. 29, 1870. 

 Description of Petalopkora Macq. 



1871. Laboulbene, A. Note sur les dommages causes par la Ceratiiis hispanica aux 



fruits des orangers dans nos possessions d'Alg^rie. In Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 

 s6r. 5, V. I, p. 439-443, .Stance du 13 d^cerabre, 1871. 



