H. M. r.EFRov 285 



up, and finally fall off, the whole plant dying in con- 

 sequence. Large areas of the Ivy used for ground 

 work in various parks and gardens of London have been 

 killed outright of late years. Spi-aying with soft soap 

 will prevent the insect from spreading. Though the 

 Beech is by no means a common tree in London, yet 

 of the few specimens to be found, many are attacked 

 by Cryptococcus fagi, which is alarmingly on the 

 increase in this country. Paraffin or petroleum emul- 

 sion will destroy the insect, and scrubbing the bark 

 with a rough brush and soft soap is an excellent 

 remedy. Wholesale destruction to the leaves of the 

 Spindle tree and other species of Euonymus is yearly 

 occasioned in some of the London parks by the cater- 

 pillar of the small Ermine moth, mjTiads of the cater- 

 pillars appearing on the foliage during summer. So 

 rapidly does this insect increase, and so verocious is 

 its appetite, that a shrub will be completely stripped 

 of its foliage in two or three days. Spraying with 

 XL All Insecticide or petroleum emulsion is the best 

 remedy. Where Oak trees are found in London, the 

 Oak-leaf Roller moth {Tortrix viridana) is usually 

 present about the beginning of June. It is a very 

 destructive insect, and attacks not only the leaves, but 

 buds and inflorescences, and usually works from the 

 top of the tree downwards. Where only a single or 

 few Oaks are attacked spraying may be resorted to, 

 but hardly any remedial measure can be adopted in 

 a clump or plantation of the tree. StarUngs, rooks and 

 other birds destroy vast numbers of this pest, and 

 should be encouraged. By "Superintendent." pp. 400, 

 401, 14. 6. 13. 

 Apples and plums .. Spraying hme-wash just before the buds approach the 



buj'sting stage in dry weather. 

 An important object Very striking evidence as to the advantage of spraying 

 leggon Apples and Plums with hme-wash, as thick as it can 



be got through the spraying machines, was obtained in 

 Mr Hooper's orchards. In one portion of the farm all 

 the Apple and Plum trees had been sprayed with this 

 wash, nothing being added to the lime, except water, 

 while they were left unsprayed in the rest of it. The 

 lime-sprayed Apples and Plums were free from the 

 aphis bUght, while those not sprayed were very badly 

 infested. If memory serves, the contrast applies aLso 

 to Apple sucker infestation. At any rate, a mere 

 glance was sufficient to allow any one to see it in 

 relation to the aphis blight, and growers elsewhere to 



