214 



Life History of Wireworms 



The apex of the elytral sheath is sHghtly hooked but less so than in 

 some alhed species (e.g. Athous haemorrhoidalis). The number of spiracles 

 is the same in the pupa as in the larva. The single thoracic pair is situated 

 ventrally in the membrane between the pro- and meso-thoracic segments, 

 anterior to the intermediate coxae. The abdominal spiracles are situated 

 laterally in the pleurae between the folds of the tergite and sternite, but 

 are not concealed as in A. sputafor. Those of the first segment are almost 

 in the middle of each pleura, the remainder, on segments 2 to 8, are near 

 the anterior margin of the pleura. 



The spiracles are uni-forous, almost circular and bear on their 



Vlll 



VII 



Fig. 4. Terminal segments (a) of (J pujDa, (b) of $ pupa, from ventral surface. 



posterior margin somewhat dorsally a small round scar with a fine linear 

 cicatrix: in the middle. There is no appearance of any atrium and the 

 taenidia extend to the aperture. 



It is interesting to compare the segments and spiracles of the pupa 

 with those of the adult. In the latter there is one pair of spiracles more 

 than in the pupa or larva. There are the same number (eight) in the 

 abdomen, but two pairs in the thorax, situated (1) ventrally, in the 

 membrane between the pro- and meso-thoracic sternites, on either side 

 of the prosternal process and (2) dorsally, in the pleurae of the meta- 

 thorax, beneath the insertion of the wings. 



