322 



True aud Hunkel, The Poisonous EflFect Exerted etc. 



had thus changed color, but since tliis change takes place with 

 considerable rapidity, it was fouud impossible to entirely avoid 

 it. Solutions freshly prepared were used immediately and were 

 kept away from the light and air as mucii as was practicable, 

 and the results obtained under such conditions were accepted as 

 being in a gencral way reliable. As is shown in Table IV, this 

 substance has more strongly toxic action toward the lupines 

 than phenol. Spirogyra filaments placed for about eighteen hours 

 in a Solution of pyrocatechol, 1/800 gram-molecule per liter, were 

 found to be dead and the color blackened. The protoplast was 

 found to be somcM^hat shrunken away from the Avall, and nume- 

 rous conspicuous granules ^) were seen in the cytoplasm. In 

 stronger Solutions, the spiral form of the Chlorophyll band was 

 fairly well preserved, the protoplast was not noticeably shrunken 

 away from the cell walls. The conspicuous granules were 

 numerous in all cases seen, the Solutions used varying in strength 

 between 1/50 and 1/800 gram-molecules per liter. It seems certain 

 that old Solutions of dark color are more strongly toxic than 

 fresh Solutions. It is not at all unlikelj'^ in view of the conduct 

 of its isomer, hydroquinone, to be discussed later, that oxidation 

 products may contribute largely to the toxic properties of these 

 Solutions. The action of ions in the fresh Solutions seems improb- 

 able, the undissociated molecule producing the action seen. 



Resorcinol, C6H4 (OH) (OH) = 1:3. 



Table VI. 

 3 : 00 P. M. 

 Length May 25. 

 5 : 00 P. M. 

 20,5 mm 

 18,5 , 

 19,5 „ 

 18,5 „ 



Table VII, 

 Resorcinol -|- 1 Na OH. Begu 

 Gram mol. pei- liter. Length Jan. 29. 

 2 : 00 P. M. 

 18,5 mm 



Begun May 24, 

 Grain. mol. per liter. 



1/200 



1/200 



1/400 



1/800 



15,0 

 17,0 

 15,0 

 22,5 

 15,0 

 15,0 

 22,0 

 19,5 

 18,0 

 30,5 

 22,5 



*) L e w , Natürliches System der Giftwirkungen, p. 1 50. Also 

 Klemm, P., Desorganisationserscheinungen der Zelle. (Jahrbücher für 

 wissenschaftliche Botanik XXVIII. 1895. p. 46.) 



