AND CONTENTS OF THE MOUTH. 423 



from the materia alba or heap, was extending horizontally, and 

 changed abruptly for an upward direction, with the upper part 

 bearing the cluster. It is seen much aslant, but fortunately in- 

 tact (stained with acidulated solution of iodine, and magnified 

 to 1,700 diameters); it has a round end, with a fine rosette 

 of six rays, formed by six terminal sterigmata, and having the 

 six last spores, probably yet unripe, to their tops. 



Fructifications by Temporary Spores {Sporids ?) and 

 BY Persistent Spokes {Teleutospores}). 



The mycetologists and the algologists call temporary spores 

 agamic spores, sporids, and conids the spores which are formed 

 without previous fecundation, and are intended by the multiplica- 

 tion of the species in more favourable and immediate conditions 

 (namely, the conids of the Feronospora, destined to diffuse the 

 species during a part of the year) ; whilst the persistent winterly 

 spores, oospores, or teleutospores, are produced by the act of con- 

 jugation, and help to preserve the species from external injuries, 

 and to strengthen their future shoots (like the hybernating spores 

 of the Feronospora in the thickness of the hospitable parenchyma, 

 deputed to reproduce the species in the following year). Of the 

 two processes of sporification, one (says De Bary) seems intent 

 upon preserving intensively the species through conjugation, the 

 other only to increase its extension.^ 



Of the other processes of propagation through gemmules, 

 sprouts, etc., we have already treated in the previous Memoir, and 

 shall refer to the subject again later on. 



All the fructifications of our parasite, hitherto described and 

 drawn, probably belong to the temporary series, with the excep- 

 tion of the specimen given in Fig. 13 of the preceding Memoir, 

 which might be included in the persistent series ; but from the 

 last researches and other isolated cases, of which we will speak 

 presently, it appears that the same parasite presents also a com- 

 paratively scanty number of fructifications of another kind, which, 

 although similar in shape or type, assume special characteristics, so 

 that we are rather inclined to refer them to the persistent series. 



* De Bary, Dti Developpement des champignons parasiiaires (Ann. des 

 Scien. Nat. Sir. Bot., t. XX.). 



