OF SOME STARCH-CELLS. 179 



Rice-Starch. First Expert7neiit. — At 165^ a white spot like a 

 nucleus appeared. For the appearance at 176° see Fig. I. Larger 

 particles were expanding at 178° and losing form. At 179° many 

 cells were very attenuated ; see Fig. II. At i8i° most of the cells 

 were dissolved. At 185° all cells were gone. No fracture was 

 distinguishable during dissolution. 



Secofid Experiment — Appearance at 140^, see Fig. III. At 

 150*^, see Figs. IV. and V. At 169°, Fig. VL, when the opening 

 gradually spread out^ Figs. VII. and VIII., and became very 

 faint. At 179° nearly all the cells were dissolved. Fig. IX. shews 

 another cell at 18 1^ like a film. All cells had burst at this 

 temperature. 



Maize Starch. — At 100° the hilum was distinctly visible, some 

 cells having a distinct opening, Fig. X., but most having only a 

 bright spot. No plications were visible. At 120° the hilum of 

 most of the large cells had opened out into a star-shape ; see Fig. 

 XL These cells burst very much like those of Wheat-starch. At 

 138° some cells had burst all round the edge, see Fig. XII. ; the 

 hilum of others opening out. Fig. XIII. shews a large cell at 148^. 

 At 162° the small cells had lost form. At 172° the cells were 

 rapidly swelling and losing angular form. At 178° folds were 

 appearing on the envelope. At 182° the cells were very attenuated 

 and apparently empty. 



Sago Starch. — The appearance at 100° is shewn in Figs. XIV. 

 and XV. At 152° the markings from the hilum were opening out 

 and multiplying. At 160° the cells were swelling rapidly and the 

 markings fraying in all directions — similarly to potato starch. At 

 165° the larger cells were much expanded and cracked in all 

 directions, and the smaller cells were opening out. As the cells 

 swelled, the plications disappeared, as in potato starch. At 176° 

 the smaller cells were swelling rapidly and the larger ones attenu- 

 ating. At 180° the envelope of the cells overlapped on itself. All 

 the cells had burst, and the envelopes of larger ones were scarcely 

 discernible. At 183° all form of the cells was entirely gone. 



Sago treated with lodifie. — Figs. XVI. and XVII. shew the 

 appearance at 112°, the mark opening like a crack in a piece of 

 glass, the dark part being caused by refraction. At 145° the cells 

 were swelling. At 154^ the dark crack was expanding, and 

 smaller ones were appearing leading from it. The appearance 

 at 168° is shewn in Fig. XVIIL ; and at 170° in Fig. XIX. 

 The cuticle was apparently fraying away, the cells being very 

 much swollen. At i8o«^ all the cells were burst, but they still 

 contained their contents, the outer coat being of a darker blue 

 than the interior substance ; see Fig. XX. All the cells opened 

 like a piece of jelly pulled asunder, the Iodine apparently binding 



