OAI.iroKNIA RUnUILID.-'F. 43 



(if tlic s|)ci-iii;iilicc;i iiiul antcrioi' lo them. In llic clitoUni' somites this vascular layer 

 i.s t'speci;illy proiniiiciit. The muscles of the loii<;itutliiKil muscular layer in this 

 <;-ciius, as well as iu Dellauia, are arranged in groups or projecting lol)cs, between 

 which pass projections of the vascular layer, as well as transverse iiniscles in certain 

 places. These lobes varv in widtii, ;inil on tlu' ventral side below tlu! ganglion ai'c^ 

 arranged fan-like (fig. 1().'5. r. /<.), diverging from tiie median line. The longitudinal 

 nniscles are never arranged around a central axis, as is the case in .so many lum- 

 bricides, though they show :i faint trace of .symmetrical arrangement. The zone of 

 the transverse muscles is much thinner, five or six times narrower than the longi- 

 tudinal zoni' (117). 



The hypodermis is thick, with large, glandular cells of a flask-like or spindle- 

 like shape. In the (ditellar somites these glands become irregular, club-like, and 

 project as tar inside the layer of clitellai' glands as the hypodermis is thick, or more 

 (fig. 110). 



Till' i-riliHinii is develo])ed only dorsally. The glandular laj'er is much 

 thicker laterally and dorsally, tapering towards the ventral side, and ceasing entirely 

 at a line drawn outside of the male papilla and paiallel with the ventral ganglion. 

 The glanilular layer of the clitellum is very thin, and as eompai'cd with that of 

 Deltania, about ^ narrower. The cells of this layer are, however, very wide and 

 long, there being generally eight or nine in the row. They are irregularly grouped 

 in twos or threes, separated by nai'row blood vessels, which, at rather regular inter- 

 vals, are thicker. They are supplied with blood from sinuses situated between the 

 transverse muscles, and which connect through these branches with a capillary net- 

 work on the hypodermis (figs. 11-3 and 110). 



Trans^veme mvsrkx (figs. 118 and 119). There are numerous sets of trans- 

 verse muscular bands in the clitellar somites, quite similar to those described by 

 Benham in Mniri/ujaster indicuH. They are more numerous and prominent' in the 

 somite of the oviduct than elsewhere, and form there three distinct muscular l)ands 

 the ventral ends of which terminate at the inner couple of seta» (fig. 119); the lateral 

 ends again terminate on the latei-al side of the body wall. 



The posterior band is the .smallest of the three and begins in the posterior and 

 ventral [lail of the somite, in line with, but slightly posterioi' to the inrier setJE, stretch- 

 ing from there diagonally across the somite, ending laterally at the seta 8 (fig. 

 119, /»1). 



The next band is much larger antl begins in the anterior ])art of the somite 

 also in line with the inner setse and stretches diagonally backwards ending po.sterior to 

 but in line with seta 4 (fig. 119, m 2.) The third muscular band is of the same 

 size and runs in the same general direction as the last, begins and ends in front of it, 

 ending in front of the fourth seta (fig. 119, m 3.) A fourth muscular band of a 

 somewhat similar (diaracter connects the posterior part of the oviduct with the bodv- 

 wall tei'ininating in front of the muscular band just described as m 1, on the figure 

 (fig. 119, 111 4.) Similar muscles as the oviducal one, are common in all earthworms, 



