78 CAI.I1 OUMA ACADIiMV OF SCIENCES. 



ducts are in places entirely closed in l)y muscles, while the glands themselves are 

 only su|i|)ortc(l hy them. 



'i"he diK't.s lead directly to tlie itiiaryiigeal eiuLluliiim; arrived lieiv liicy ijraneh 

 out .sending numerous discharge-tubes between the epithelial cells (tig. 30 yl. d(.), di.s- 

 charging the salivary mucous in the pharyngeal cavity. These ductules are fre- 

 (juently, though not generally, branched while in the epithelial layer. Each duetide 

 is furnished at the distal end with a small .storage chand)er (o(5a) of oblong form and 

 considerably smaller than the nucleus of the epithelial cells. 



Septal glands. As has already been stated there are five pair of very small glamls, 

 which are pricipally attached to the connecting vessels in .somites v to ix, and sit- 

 uated on the ventral side of the cesophagus. These glands do not hang on closely to 

 the septum, but are apparently suspended from it only by a few tiny mesenteric tis- 

 sues and by a muscle or two. In longitudinal section they appear as suspend entirely 

 between the two septa (fig. 29), while in cross-section they are seen to be affixed to 

 the connecting vessels anil from them project laterally, the point of affixion being 

 close to the ventral vessels (fig. 70 gl.) The general outline of these glands resemble 

 the so-called liver cells attached to the connecting and other vessels in some Lumbri- 

 cides, but the structure is similar to the salivary glands. The gland in v resembles 

 exactly the structure in the salivary glands which open in the pharynx, it being 

 transversed by blood capillaries, infested with the same parasites, supported by mus- 

 cles, and finally is only sparcely surrounded by floating, globular, crelomic cells. The 

 other gland in vi to ix are all surrounded by a thick coating of these floating ctelomic 

 cells. These glands stain in the same way as the salivary glands, their secretions being 

 stained deep violet witli hicmatoxylon-orange, while the cffilomic cells stain pale yellow. 

 A fine and very thin duct runs backwards and upwards from the far upper end of 

 each gland towards the alimentary canal to its junction with the sc[)tuni, l)ut I 

 have .some doubt about it emptying into the intestine, and it is much more 

 probable that in Pontodrilus, as well as in Phoenicodrilus and Ocnerodrilus, these 

 septal glands empty into the pharynx. None of my sections, however, show 

 this to be the case. Certain it is that in Pontodrilus the various septal glands 

 are not as closely connected with the .salivary glands as in the just mentioned 

 genera, in which the respective glands are actually not only suspended from the same 

 longitudinal nnisciiiar band, but along and resting on the latter run also the collective 

 ducts of the glands. Among the salivary and septal glands are seen numerous ir- 

 regular, generally oval or oblong bodies full of nuclei. These are the terminal pock- 

 ets of the capilaries, generally termed blood glands. 



Bhxnl (j/ands (fig. 7;)A, /.). Ed. Perrier was the first to describe blood glands 

 in Pontodrilus, but he found them exclusively in the blood vessels or at the end of 

 the (•a[>ilaries investing the nephridia. In mir pnseiit .-picics, /'. Michneheni, I have 

 found these glands only in the capillaiii's of the salivary and septal glands. They 

 here occur in very large numbers, especially in llie former, being massed at 

 or near the posterior edge of the gland in varying numbers. Some specimens con- 



