Chap. 10.] THr DIFFEKENT KINDS AND FOEMS OF STATUES. 155 



T^-as made with the exact resemblance of eTery individual 

 limb; from which circumstance they were called '' iconicae.""''' 

 I do not kno\y whether the first public statues were not erected 

 by the Athenians, and in honour of Hamiodius and Aris- 

 togiton, who slew the tyrant :'*^ an event which took place in 

 the same year in which the kings were expelled from Eorae. 

 This custom, from a most praiseworthy emulation, was after- 

 wards adopted by all other nations ; so that statues were 

 erected as ornaments in the public places of municipal towns, 

 and the memory of individuals was thus preserved, their 

 various honours being inscribed on the pedestals, to be read 

 there by posterity, and not on their tombs alone. After some 

 time, a kind of forum or public place came to be made in pri- 

 vate houses and in our halls, the clients adopting this method 

 of doing honour to their patrons. 



CHAP. 10. (5.) THE DIFFEEENT ETN'DS AXD FORZilS OF STATUES. 



STATUES AT KOilE WITH CUIRASSES. 



In former times the statues that were thus dedicated were 

 clad in the toga.^^ Xaked statues also, brandishing a spear, 

 after the manner of the youths at their gymnastic exercises, 

 were much admired: these were called '' Achillean.'* The 

 Greek practice is, not to cover any part of the body ; while, 

 on the contrary, the Roman and the military statues have the 

 addition of a cuirass. Caesar, the Dictator, permitted a statue 

 with a cuirass to be erected in honour of him in his Forum. ^ As 

 to the statues which are made in the garb of the Luperci,'^ 

 they are of no older date than those which have been lately 

 erected, covered with a cloak. °- Mancinus gave directions, 

 that he should be represented in the dress which he wore when 

 he was surrendered to the enemy. ^ It has been remarked by 



^' " Iconicse," ''portrait statues," from Iikwv, of the same meanini^. 

 This term is employed by Suetonius, in speaking of a statue of Caligula, 

 c. 22.— B. 



**" Pisi stratus. These sfatucs are mentioned in the 19th Chapter of this 

 Book, as being the workmanship of Praxiteles. — B. 



■*» See B. vii. cc. 31, 34 : B. viii. c. 74 : and B. is. c. 63. 



^"^ Near the Temple of Janus, in the Eighth Eegion of the City. 



"' The Luperci were the priests of Pan, who, at the celebration of their 

 games, called Lupercalia, were in the habit of running about the streets of 

 Kcme, witli no other covering than a goat's skin tied about the loins. — B. 



" " Paenula." See B. viii. c. 73. 



*-^ We are informed by Cicero, De Off. B. iii. c. 30, and by Valerius 



