Chap. 20.] DIPFEEENT KINDS Or COPPEE. 189 



cules clothed in a tunic, ^^ the only one represented in that 

 costume in Eome : it stands near the Eostra, and the counte- 

 nance is stern and expressive of his last agonies, caused by 

 that dress. There are three inscriptions on it ; the first of 

 which states that it had formed part of the spoil obtained by 

 L. Lucullus^° the general ; the second, that his son, while still 

 a minor, dedicated in accordance with a decree of the Senate ; 

 the third, that T. Septimius Sabinus, the curule sedile, had it 

 restored to the public from the hands of a private individual. 

 So vast has been the rivalry caused by this statue, and so high 

 the value set upon it. 



CHAP. 20. — THE niFPERENT KINHS OF COPPER AND ITS COM- 

 BINATIONS. PYEOPUS. CAMPANIAN COPPEE. 



We will now return to the different kinds of copper, and its 

 several combinations. In Cyprian copper we have the kind 

 known as " coronarium,'"^ and that called *' regulare,"''^* both 

 of them ductile. The former is made into thin leaves, and, 

 after being coloured with ox-gall,'^ is used for what has all 

 the appearance of gilding on the coronets worn upon the stage. 

 The same substance, if mixed with gold, in the proportion of 

 six scruples of gold to the ounce, and reduced into thin plates, 

 acquires a fiery red colour, and is termed ''pyropus."''^ In 

 other mines again, they prepare the kind known as *'regulare," 

 as also that which is called " caldarium."'''* These differ from 

 each other in this respect, that, in the latter, the metal is only 

 fused, and breaks when struck with the hammer, whereas the 

 "regulare" is malleable, or ductile,''" as some call it, a property 

 which belongs naturally to all the copper of Cyprus. In the 

 case, however, of all the other mines, this difference between 

 bar copper and cast brass is produced by artificial means. All 



^9 In the poisoned garment, wLich was the eventual cause pf his 

 denth.— B. 



""^ The general who conducted the war against Mithridates. — B. 



'1 See B. xxxiii. c. 46. " Chaplet " copper.. 



''^* *' Bar" copper, or "malleable." 



''2 It is very improbable that this effect could be produced by the cause 

 here assigned; but without a more detailed account of the process em- 

 ployed, we cannot explain the change of colour. — B. 



" UvQiDTTog, " sparkling like fire." Similar to, if not identical with, 

 our tinsel. ■<* " Cast brass." 



■'^ See Beckmann, Eist. Inv. Vol. I. p. 415. Bohn's JEdiiion. 



