Chap. 13.] SINOPIS. 235 



tion of light and shade, the alternating contrast of the colours 

 serving to heighten the effect of each. At a later period, again, 

 lustre^ was added, a thing altogether different from light. The 

 gradation between lustre and light on the one hand and shade 

 on the other, was called ** tones ;" while the blending of the 

 various tints, and their passing into one another, was known as 

 **harmoge."® 



CHAP. 12, (6.) — PIGMENTS OTHEB, THAN THOSE OF A METALLIC 

 ORIGIN. AKTIFICIAL COLOUES. 



Colours are either^ sombre or florid, these qualities arising 

 either from the nature of the substances or their mode of com- 

 bination. The florid colours are those which the employer 

 supplies^" to the painter at his own expense ; minium," 

 namely, armenium, cinnabaris,'^ chrysocolla,^^ indicum, and 

 purpurissum. The others are the sombre colours. Taking 

 both kinds together, some are native colours, and others are 

 artificial. Sinopis, rubriea, paraetonium, melinum, eretria and 

 orpiment, are native colours. The others are artificial, more 

 particularly those described by us when speaking of metals ; 

 in addition to which there are, among the more common colours, 

 ochra, usta or burnt ceruse, sandarach, sandy x, syricum, and 

 atramentum, 



CHAP. 13. SINOPIS : ELEVEN REMEDIES. 



Sinopis^* was discovered in Pontus; and hence its name, 

 from the city of Sinope there. It is produced also in Egypt, 



' "Splendor." Supposed by Wornum to be equivalent to our word 

 *' tone," applied to a coloured picture, which comprehends both the " tonos" 

 and the " harmoge" of the Greeks. Smith's Diet. Antiq. Art. Painting. 



8 "Tone," says Fuseli, (in the English acceptation of the word) "is the 

 element of the ancient 'harmoge,' that imperceptible transition, which, 

 without opacity, confusion, or hardness, united local colour, demitint, shade, 

 and reflexes." — Lect. I. ^ " Austeri aut floridi." 



^0 Because of their comparatively great expense. 



11 See B. xxxiii. cc. 36, 37. Under this name are included Sulphuret of 

 mercury, and Red oxide of lead. ^^ gee B. xxxiii. cc. 38, 39. 



1^ See B. xxxiii. c. 26. " Indicum" and *' purpurissum" will be de- 

 scrihed in the present Book. 



1* Or *' rubriea Sinopica ;" " red earth of Sinope," a brown red ochre, 

 or red oxide of iron. Dioscorides identifies it with the Greek /itXrog, 

 which indeed seems to have embraced the cinnabaris, minium, and rubricie 

 of the Eomans. 



