Chap. 34.] THE NAMES OP CELEBRATED. PATNTEES, 247 



fluctions of the pictorial art, whether still in existence or 

 now lost, all of which it will be only right to take some notice 

 of. In this department, the ordinary exactness of the Greeks 

 has been somewhat inconsistent, in placing the painters so 

 many Olympiads after the statuaries and toreutic®^ artists, and 

 the very first of them so late as the ninetieth Olympiad ; seeing 

 that Phidias himself is said to have been originally a painter, 

 and that there was a shield at Athens which had been painted 

 by him : in addition to which, it is universally agreed that in 

 the eighty-third Olympiad, his brother Pansenus®^ painted, at 

 Elis,^° the interior of the shield of Minerva, which had been 

 executed by Colotes,^^ a disciple of Phidias and his assistant 

 in the statue of the Olympian Jupiter.^^ And then besides, is it 

 not equally admitted that Candaules, the last Lydian king of the 

 race of the Heraclidae, very generally known also by the name 

 of Myrsilus, paid its weight in gold for a picture by the painter 

 Bularchus,^^ which represented the battle fought by him with 

 the Magnetes ? so great was the estimation in which the art 

 was already held. This circumstance must of necessity have 

 happened about the period of our Eomulus ; for it was in the 

 eighteenth Olympiad that Candaules perished, or, as some 

 writers say, in the same j' ear as the death of Eomulus : a thing 

 which clearly demonstrates that even at that early period the 

 art had already become famous, and had arrived at a state of 

 great perfection. 



If, then, we are bound to admit this conclusion, it must be 

 equally evident that the commencement of the art is of much, 

 earlier date, and that those artists who painted in mono- 

 chrome,^* and whose dates have not been handed down to us, 

 must have flourished at even an anterior period ; Hygisenon, 

 namely, Dinias, Charm adas,^^ Eumarus, of Athens, the first who 



68 a Toreutae." For the explanation of this term, see end of B. xxxiii. 



69 In reahty he was cousin or nephew of Phidias, by the father's side, 

 though Pausanias, B. v. c. 11, falls into the same error as that committed 

 by Pliny. He is mentioned likewise by Strabo and JEschines. 



90 See B. xxxvi. c. 55. ^^ See B. xxxiv. c. 19. 

 92 See B. xxxiv. c. 19. 93 gee B. vii. c. 39. 



91 Paintings with but one colour. " Monochromata," as we shall see in 

 Chapter 36, were painted at all times, and by the greatest masters. Those 

 of Zeuxis corresponded with the Chiariscuri of the Italians, light and 

 shade being introduced with the highest degree of artistic skill, 



'^'^ These several artists are quite unknown, being mentioned by no other 

 author. 



