Chap. 36.] AETISTS WHO PAINTED WITH THE PENCIL. 249 



the date of the origin of painting. After these, and yet 

 before the ninetieth Olympiad, there were other celebrated 

 painters, Polygnotus of Thasos,^ for instance, who was the 

 first to paint females in transparent drapery, and to represent 

 the head covered with a parti-coloured head-dress. He, too, 

 was the first to contribute many other improvements to the 

 art of painting, opening the mouth, for example, showing the 

 teeth, and throwing expression into the countenance, in place 

 of the ancient rigidity of the features. 



There is a picture by this artist in the Portico^ of Pompeius, 

 before the Curia that was built by him ; with reference to 

 which, there is some doubt whether the man represented with 

 a shield is in the act of ascending or descending. He also 

 embellished the Temple^ at Delphi, and at Athens the Portico 

 known as the Poecile ;* at which last he worked gratuitously, 

 in conjunction with Micon,^ who received pay for his labours. 

 Indeed Polygnotus was held in the higher esteem of the two ; 

 for the Amphictyons,^ who form the general Council of Greece, 

 decreed that he should have his lodging furnished him at the 

 public expense. 



There was also another Micon, distinguished from the first 

 Micon by the surname of 'Uhe younger," and whose daughter 

 Timarete' also practised the art of painting. 



CHAP. 36. AETISTS WHO PAINTED WITH THE PENCIL. 



In the ninetieth Olympiad lived Aglaophon,^ Cephisodorus, 

 Erillus, and Evenor, the father of Parrhasius, one of the 



^ See B. vii. c. 57. (Vol. II. p. 233), where he is mentioned as an Athe- 

 nian. It is not improbahle that lie became a citizen of Athens in the seventy- 

 ninth Olympiad, b.c. 463, when Thasos was brought under the power of 

 Athens, and, as Sillig suggests, at the solicitation of Cimon, the son of 

 Miltiades. It is generally supposed that he flourished about the eightieth 

 Olympiad. 



2 Belonging to the Theatre of Pompey, in the Ninth Region of the City. 



3 With scenes from the Trojan War, and the adventures of Ulysses. 



* Or " Variegated ;" from its various pictures. » See B. xxxiii. c. 56. 



^ See B. vii. c. 37. ' She is again mentioned in Chapter 40. 



8 He was a native of Thasos, and father and instructor of Polygnotus. 

 As Pliny has already stated that Polygnotus flourished before the ninetieth 

 Olympiad, there is an inconsistency in his making mention of the son as 

 flourishing before the father. Hence Sillig, with Bottiger, is inclined to 

 think that there were two artists of this name, one about the seventieth, 

 and the other about the ninetieth Olympiad, the former being the father 

 of Polygnotus. 



