Chap. 4.] ARTISTS WHO EXCELLED IN SCULPTURE. 321 



with Pylhodorus, of Polydeuces with Hermolaus, and of another 

 Pythodorus with Artemon ; some of the statues, also, are by 

 Aphrodisius of Tralles, who worked alone. The Pantheon of 

 Agrippa has been decorated by Diogenes of Athens, and the 

 Caryatides, by him, which form the columns of that temple, are 

 looked upon as master-pieces of excellence : the same, too, 

 with the statues that are placed upon the roof, though, in 

 consequence of the height, they have not had an opportunity 

 of being so well appreciated. 



Without glory, and excluded from every temple, is the 

 statue of Hercules,'^ in honour of whom the Carthaginians 

 were accustomed to sacrifice human victims every year : it 

 stands upon the ground before the entrance of the Portico of 

 the Nations.'^ There were erected, too, near the Temple of 

 Felicity, the statues of the Thespian^'' Muses : of one of which, 

 according to Yarro, Junius Pisciculus, a Koman of equestrian 

 rank, became enamoured. Pasiteles,^® too, speaks in terms of 

 high admiration of them, the artist who wrote five Books on 

 the most celebrated works throughout the world. Born upon 

 the Grecian'^ shores of Italy, and presented with the Eoman 

 citizenship granted to the cities of those parts, Pasiteles con- 

 structed the ivory statue of Jupiter which is now in the Temple 

 of Metellus,-° on the road to the Campus Martins. It so hap- 

 pened, that being one day at the Docks,^^ where there were 

 some wild beasts from Africa, while he was viewing through 

 the bars of a cage a lion which he was engaged in drawing, a 

 panther made its escape from another cage, to the no small 

 danger of this most careful artist. He executed many otlier 

 works, it is said, but we do not find the names of them speci- 

 fically mentioned. 



^■5 This was an ancient and hideous idol, probably. Plato, Diodoriis 

 Siculus, Plautus, Lactantius, Arnobius, and Isidorus, all concur in saying 

 tLat it was Saturn in honour of whom human victims were immolated. 



16 -a ^(j Nationes." A portico built by Augustus, and adorned with 

 statues representing various nations. 



^'' " Thespiades." They were brought by Mummius from Thespise, in 

 Boeotia. See B. xxxiv. c. 19, and Note 88, above. 



^^ See B. XXXV. c. 45. and end of B. xxxiii. '9 Magna Graecia. 



20 Built by Metellus Macedonicus. 



21 " Navalia." This was the name of certain docks at Rome, where 

 ships were built, laid up, and refitted. They were attached to tlje Em- 

 porium, without the Trigeminian Gate, and were connected with the Tiber. 



YOL. YI. Y 



