Chap. 38.] AIIABTAN HiEMATTTES. 363 



In all these cases the stone called " schistos "'"' is efficacious, 

 though not in so high a degree as the other ; the most service- 

 able being that which resembles saffron in colour. Applied 

 with woman's milk, it is particularly useful for arresting dis- 

 charges from the corners of the eyes,'^ and it is also very 

 serviceable for reducing procidence of those organs. Suelij at 

 least, is the opinion of the authors who have most recently 

 written on the subject. 



CnAP. 38. ^THTOriC II.iEMATrTES. ANDRODAMAS; TWO EEMEDIES. 



ARABIAN HEMATITES. MTLTITES OK HEPATITES. ANTHRACITES. 



Sotacus, one of the most ancient writers, says, that there are 

 five kinds of haematites, in addition to the magnet"^ so called. 

 He gives the preference among them to that of .^Ethiopia," a 

 very useful ingredient in ophthalmic preparations and the com- 

 positions which he calls *' panchresta,"'* and good for the cure of 

 burns. The second, he says, is called *' androdamas,"'* of a 

 black'^ colour, remarkable for its weight and hardness, to which 

 it owes its name, in fact, and found in Africa more p.irticularly. 

 It attracts silver, he says, copper, and iron, and is tested with 

 a touchstone made of basanites.'"^ It yields a liquid the colour 

 ot* blood, and is an excellent remedy for diseases of the liver. 

 The third kind that he mentions is the haematites'^ of Arabia, a 

 mineral of equal hardness, and which with difficulty yields, 

 upon the water-whetstone, a liquid sometimes approaching the 

 tint of saffron. The fourth^^ kind, he says, is known as ^' hepa- 



'0 Literally, " spht" stone ; so called, probably, from its laminated form. 

 Ajasson identifies it with yellow or brown iron ore, known in Mineralogy 

 as Limonite, or Brown Hematite. 



''^ "Explendis oculorum lacunis." 



"2 Mentioned in Chapter 25 of this 13ook. 



"'^ Mentioned also in Chapter 25. Probably EeJ peroxide of iron, in a 

 massive form. "'^ " iUl-serviceable," or " all-heal," 



'= " Man-subduing." 



^s The colour of Specular iron, or red peroxide of iron, being of a dark 

 steel-grey or iron-black, this is probably another variety of it. Ajasson 

 thinks that it includes compact or massive red oxide of iron, and scaly red 

 iron, or red iron froth, which leaves red marks upon the fingers, 



^^ See Chapter 11 of this Book. Its alleged attraction of silver and 

 copper is fabulous, no doubt. 



"^ This is probably the Limonite, or Hydrous peroxide of iron, men- 

 tioned in the preceding Chapter. See Note 70 above. 



'9 Identified by Ajasson with Red ochre, or Ecddle, a red peroxide of 

 iron, used for red crayons in drawing. 



