466 pltnt's natceal history. [Book XXXVII. 



Damon,* cassia/ and amomum f that are yielded by the juices 

 of trees or of shrubs, amber/ opobalsamum/ myrrh/ and frank- 

 incense /° that are found in the roots of trees, the perfumes 

 derived from costus.^^ The most valuable products furnished 

 by living animals, on land, are the teeth of elephants; by 

 animals in the sea, tortoise-shell ; by the coverings of animals, 

 the skins which the Seres^^ dye, and the substance gathered 

 from the hair of the she-goats of Arabia, which we have 

 spoken of under the name of '' ladanum ;"^^ by creatures that 

 are common to both land and sea, the purple^* of the murex. 

 With reference to the birds, beyond plumes for warriors' hel- 

 mets, and the grease that is derived from the geese of Comma- 

 gene,'^ I find no remarkable product mentioned. "We must 

 not omit, too, to observe, that gold, for which there is such a 

 mania with all mankind, hardly holds the tenth rank as an 

 object of value, and silver, with which we purchase gold, 

 hardly the twentieth ! 



Hail to thee, I^ature, thou parent of all things ! and do 

 thou deign to show thy favour unto me, who, alone of all the 

 citizens of Home, have, in thy every department/*' thus made 

 known thy praise.^' 



Summary. — Facts, narratives, and observations, one thousand 

 three hundred. 



KoMAN AtTTHORS QUOTED. — M. Varro,^® the Kegister of the 

 Triumphs, ^^ Maecenas,^" lacchus,^' Cornelius Bocchus.^'- 



Foreign Authors quoted. — King Juba,^^ Xenocrates-* the 



* See B. xii. c. 42. s gee B. xii. c. 43. « See B. xii. c. 28. 



' See Chapter 11 of this Book. 8 gge B. xii. c. 54. 



9 See B. xii. c. 33. lo See B. xii. c. 30. ^i See B. xii. c. 25. 



12 See B. xxxiv. c. 41. i3 i^ b. xij, c. 37, and B. xxvi. c. 30. 



1* See B. ix. cc. 60, 61 i^ See B. x. c. 28, and B. xxix. c. 13. 



^^ " Nuraeris omnibus." 



^"^ Bernhardy, Grundriss d. Rom. Lit. p. 644, has expressed an opinion 

 that tliere is still some deficiency after the concluding words, '' tuis fave ;'' 

 notwithstanding the comparative completeness of the restored text as 

 given by the Bamberg MS, 



18 See end of B. ii. la See end of B. v. 20 ggg end of B. ix. 



21 See end of B. xxxii. 22 gge end of B. xvi. 23 gee end of B. v. 



2* See end of E. xxxiii. 



