196 HAUSTELLATA. LEPIDOPTERA. 



Not common : found about Croydon, and in the marshes near 

 Walthamstow, and I believe also at Whittlesea Mere and near Cam- 

 berwell, towards the end of July, and beginning of August. 



Family II.— YPONOMEUTID^. 



Autennce rather long, slender, inserted within on the crown before the eyes, or 

 in front of the face, simple; rarely pectinated, but frequently ciliated 

 within in the males. Palpi generally two, triarticulate, very rarely four, 

 long, slender, setaceous or subulated, mostly recurved, but sometimes 

 depending, the apicaljoint of the labial greatly exposed and acute: maxillae 

 moderate : head small, either clothed with long scales in front, or smooth : 

 eyes rather large : thorax slender or moderate, rarely crested : wings undi- 

 vided ; anterior generally long and narrow, with shortish cilia : posterior 

 mostly ample, folded on the inner edge, and with long cilia : both pairs gene- 

 rally more or less convoluted during repose : body slender, frequently elon- 

 gated, sometimes depressed ; generally acute in the females, and furnished 

 with a tuft in the males : legs rather long. Larva slightly pubescent, with 

 sixteen legs, and in some genera with an additional pair ; most frequently 

 subcutaneous, or residing within the stalks of plants ; sometimes in a detached 

 case resembling a shell : pupa various, elongate, usually found in the nidus, 

 but occasionally subterranean. 



The insects of this rather extensive family differ from the Tortri- 

 cidfe in having the palpi long and slender ; they are mostly recurved 

 or drooping, and in general only two in number, by which they differ 

 from the Tineidae, which have four conspicuous ones ; whereas in 

 the few genera of this family which possess that number the second 

 pair are mostly small : there is considerable diversity of habit 

 amongst these insects ; some of them residing in their larvae state on 

 flowers, upon which they subsist ; others are found within the sur- 

 faces of leaves, devouring only the parenchyma; some form extensive 

 webs, and live in society; others are solitary: amongst the subcuta- 

 neous species are some of the most brilliant of the Lepidoptera, their 

 wings being adorned with highly polished metallic surfaces, and some 

 of them being extremely varied in the number of tints : others again 

 are very plain ; the former set have generally drooping palpi, the 

 latter ascending, recurved, ones. 



