Hemiptera 



187 



feature ; the hard part of the forewing next to 

 this, when the wings are closed, is the clavus ; this 

 is divided by a suture, running parallel to the edge 

 of the scutelium, from the corium, another hardened 

 area which in most families reaches to the costa, but 

 in one is separated from that edge by a narrow 

 emhol'ium. Beyond the corium in some families comes 

 the small triangular cimeus, another hardened area 

 towards the costa ; beyond corium and cuneus is 

 the transparent membranous area which reaches to 

 the tip of the wing, and shows a simple neuration 

 varying in the different families. The young Heter- 

 optera, as hatched from the egg (fig. 102), closely re- 

 semble their parents except for the absence of wings, 

 of which rudiments appear as growth proceeds. The 

 sub-order, including about 7000 known species, is 

 divided into several families (117, II8, II9, I20). 



Pentatomidae. The Pentatomldde or Shield-bugs are characterised 

 by the great development 

 of the scutelium, which 

 always reaches back to 

 the base of the mem- 

 fa rane, and, in some 

 genera, completely 

 covers the folded wings. 



The head is acutely 

 triangular with thin leaf- 

 like margins ; the feelers 

 have five segments. The 

 forewing has three areas 

 — c 1 a v u s, corium and 

 membrane, and the foot 

 has two or three seg- 

 ments. The Shield-bugs F'G. 103. -Slueia-bug^ C.^rtocoris baccar»m 

 .^ , ,. , *; (Linn.), Europe. Natural size, 



(fig. 103) live on plants 



whose juices they suck ; they are very abundant in the tropics, and are 

 represented in all parts of the globe. Many are brightly coloured. 



Coreidae.— The Cor/id^ agree with the Pentatomida; in showing 

 only three areas in the forewing, but differ from that family in the 

 relatively smaller scutelium. The pronotum and the side margins 

 of the hind-body are often produced and raised at the sides. The 

 feelers have four segments, of which the basal is produced into a 



