Lepidoptera 



237 



" plumes " by deep clefts between the nervures, which are arranged 

 much as in the Tineidz. There are two clefts in each forewing and 

 three in each hindwing. The larvse are hairy. The pupse are in- 

 complete with three or four free abdominal segments ; they do not 

 come out of the cocoon but attach themselves by the cremaster. 



Orneodidse. — The Omeodida contain but a single world-wide genus 

 of Plume-moths, distinguished from the Pterophoridae by having each 

 wing six-cleft almost to the base. The pupae agree with those of the 

 succeeding families in being obtect. 



In all the succeeding families the pupa is obtect and never comes 

 out of its cocoon before the final moult. 



Pyralidae. — The PyraUda are a large family of moths of moderate 



Fir,. 130. — c. Flour Moth (Epkestta kuhniella, Zell.), wings spread ;f. at rest ; 

 g. forewing, showing plan of markings ; h. i. neuration ; a. larva ; b. pupa, 

 twice natural size; d. head and front body-segments of larva; e. 2nd and 

 3rd hind-body segments, more highly magnified. From Riley, Insect Life, 

 vol. 2 (U.S. Dept. Agr.). 



or small size. In the forewing the central of the three median 

 nervures arises from the cell nearer to the lower than to the upper 

 median ; as in all the succeeding families only two anal nervures are 

 present. In the hindwing there are three anal nervures; the sub- 

 costal curves down approaching or touching the radial, and is 

 sometimes connected with it by a cross-nervule. A frenulum is 

 present. The first maxilla are usually well-developed, with their 

 palps which often attain a great length especially in the sub-family 

 Crambina. The larvse have ten pro-legs which are armed with 

 complete circles of hooklets as in the preceding families, while the 



