80 



Journal New York Entomological Society, t'^'o'- xxix, 



purely secondary, and I am of the opinion that the apparent segmenta- 

 tion of the mandibles of " myriopods "' is also purely secondary. 



As we trace the modifications of the mandibles from textfigure 6 

 back to textfigure i, it is evident that the incisor process (i.e., the 

 stippled area in textfigure 6) and the molar process "/" of the 

 insect's mandible shown in textfigure 6 are merely differentiated por- 

 tions of the gnathobase '' gh" of the basal segment of the biramous 



Fig. 10 Fig. 1 1 



Textfigure g. Diagram of limb of Peripatus. Textfigure lo. Diagram 

 of limb of a tardigrade based on Macrobiotus. Textfigure ii. Diagram of 



limb of a myzostomarian such as Myzostoma cirriferum. 



mandibular limb shown in textfigure i. If the lacinia of an insect's 

 maxilla represents the endite or gnathobase " ci " of one segment of 

 a mouthpart limb ultimately derived from a primitive limb of the type 

 shown in Figs. 20 and 19 (Plate VII), while the galea of the maxilla 

 represents the endite " ci" of another segment of such a limb (as I 

 am hoping to demonstrate is the case, in a later article), then the 

 incisor region and molar region together {i.e., the differentiated por- 

 tions of a gnathobase) of an insect's mandible would correspond to 

 the lacinia {i.e., a modified endite or gnathobase) of the maxilla. If 

 this is true (as I am convinced is the case) it is absurd to attempt 

 to homologize the small lacinia mobilis " // " (textfigure 4) of an 

 insect's mandible (in other words, a small appendage of the gnatho- 

 base region formed by the fusion of a few setae or spines) with the 

 entire lacinia of an insect's maxilla {i.e., with an entire gnathobase 

 or endite) as is done by Chatin, and many other entomologists who 

 are apparently ignorant of the true character of the parts they seek 

 to compare. 



The incisor region " c," the lacinia mobilis " h," the gnatho- 

 fimbrium " g " and the molar region " / " of the crustacean mandible 

 shown in textfigure 4 are all represented in the mandibles of certain 



