Sept., I9I4-] Crampton : Misuse of Terms. .257 



Curtis, and a number of other Dipterologists apply the designation 

 squamulae to both calyptra. Lowne, '90, however, restricts the term 

 squamula to the distal calypter {dc, fig. 4), termed the antisquama by 

 Osten-Sacken, '96, and designates the proximal calypter (pc) as the 

 squama. 



A number of Dipterologists use the designation squama for one 

 or both of the calyptra (c. g., Erichson, Fabricius, Fallen. Illiger, 

 Meigen, Scheiner, Say, Zetterstedt — and many others) so that the 

 terms squama and squamula should be applied to the calyptra. and not 

 to the teguLx, if these terms are to be used at all. In addition to 

 applying the designation squama to the tegulse, some writers have also 

 applied it to a sclerite of the head region, to a genital sclerite, and 

 to the apparent first abdominal segment (the knot or scale at the 

 base of the abdomen) in ants. 



The term patagium is incorrectly applied by Lowne, '90 (page 198) 

 to the posterior, or anal region of the wing. Fortunately, this incor- 

 rect usage was not accepted by Dipterologists, or the confusion in the 

 use of this term would have been unnecessarily increased. 



Kirby and Spence, '26, correctly restricted the term patagia to 

 the erectile lobe-like appendages borne on the pronotum of certain 

 Lepidoptera (fig. I, pat), and attributed this usage to MouJjet, 1634. 

 These prothoracic structures occur on the pronotum alone, and are not 

 homologous with the tegulae (figs. 4 and 6, fg) which are mesothoracic 

 structures having nothing in common with the patagia. Riley, '04, 

 called attention to this fact,^ a number of years ago as did Cholod- 

 kowskv and many others before him, but Lepidopterologists have dis- 

 regarded this fact, and still continue to apply the term " patagia " to 

 the tegulae. If the teguLx are called "patagia," what are we to 

 term the true patagia. when both the patagia and tegulae are present 

 in the same insect, as in Agrotis, for example? Some such designa- 

 tion as "■ propatagia " might be used to distinguish the prothoracic 

 structures from the tegulre ; but this would be quite unnecessary, if the 

 original and correct application of the terms patagia and tegul?e were 

 adhered to. 



2 In an article entitled " Das Pronotum und die Patagia der Lepidop- 

 teren," published in the Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., Schultz, 1914- has recently called 

 attention to this point, and has shown that the true patagia are in no wise 

 homologous with the tegulae. 



