6 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Vol. xiv. 



areas and as a result, usually without a comprehensive study of the 

 group or groups concerned. Among American entomologists there is 

 an especially strong tendency to practically stop at the southern 

 boundary of the United States, although no barrier or faunistic dis- 

 continuity occurs in that region. While it will, no doubt, be gener- 

 ally admitted that a careful consideration of all evidence as to the 

 point of origin, evolution, and dispersal of all groups is necessary for 

 the building up of a natural system of classification, systematic papers 

 which consider such questions are at least extremely rare. All of the 

 above deficiencies are noticeable in former treatments of boreal Amer- 

 ican Cicindelidae while the paper under consideration ( Supplement * to 

 Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, II, 1905, 56 pp.) can be 

 charged with none of them. It is the result of fifteen years of labor 

 on the part of Dr. Walther Horn who has seen practically all the large 

 collections of the world. The following are his conclusions regarding 

 the Cicindelidse (in broad sense) : 



The " Carabidae stem " gave rise, in the Ethiopian tropics, to the 

 first Cicindelidae-like forms. These he calls the Protomanticho- 

 ridae ; they were wingless insects (with elytra) most nearly related to 

 two living South African families (of the Cicindelidas in broad 

 sense), viz. : (1) Platychilidse, wingless forms with the usual type of 

 elytra; (2) Palaeomantichoridae, wingless forms with fused elytra 

 which turn under the sides of the abdomen. The Protomanticho- 

 ridse dispersed westward to America, pushed out to the north and 

 south and after developing the Neomantichoridae ( Omits, Ambiycliila, 

 Pycnochila) in the nearctic region, gave rise to the Prototetrachidae, 

 which inhabited the entire equatorial belt. Among these, compli- 

 cated pilosity characters were later developed. Next forms became 

 distinguishable by the development of two types of false pattern on 

 the elytra; (1) brought about by partial loss of pigment, (2) by the 

 development of a thicker pilosity in certain areas. The present pre- 

 dominating etched patterns are to be considered as the equivalent of 

 such false patterns. 



A wider step led to the production of the Protoeuryodidae 

 {Eitryoda-OdontochiIa-Cosmema-X\Ye forms) which also inhabited the 

 entire tropical region ; a greater power of flight was developed among 

 these. They gave rise to the Cicindelce which constitute the young- 



* Not sent to subscribers ; can be obtained from the Deutsche Entomologische 

 Gesellschaft, Berlin, for three mark. 



