Sept.-Dec, 1920.] ggOK REVIEWS. 239 



On the liill tops on the hot fair clays from about ten o'clock in the 

 morning until about one hour after noon, the flowering shrubs are 

 surrounded by hundreds of butterflies and day-flying moths of numer- 

 ous species. Many species are usually found at rest only on these hill 

 tops and this is especially true of the tailed Papilios with the excep- 

 tion of a species similar to the Papilio marccllus which is occasionally 

 seen resting on damp patches of ground in the low lands. 



This predilection for the hill tops by certain species among the 

 Lepidoptera is a strange manifestation of their habits of migration. 



Perhaps the most striking and spectacular feature in the habits of 

 the Lepidoptera on the Isthmus of Panama, in fact among all insect 

 life in this region, is the occasional marvelous migration of Uranus 

 fulgcns. During June and July in 1907 this diurnal, asymmetric moth 

 migrated across the Isthmus in a general easterly direction in vast 

 numbers. Group counting indicated that the daily number which 

 passed amounted to hundreds of thousands. They flew no higher 

 than ten feet except at obstructions and the maximum occurred from 

 dawn until about eight o'clock in the morning and from four o'clock 

 in the afternoon until dusk, with a few thousand stragglers during 

 the other daylight hours. They flew along special courses in a rapid, 

 long zig-zag manner and the migration was not interrupted by the 

 rains. Of the millions that passed I only observed one at rest and 

 that was on a leaf. In 1908 and 1909 the migration was limited to a 

 few thousand individuals beginning in late May and extending 

 through June and into July with the same characteristics as the 1907 

 flight. In 1915 there was another enormous migration but not equal 

 to the number in 1907, but having the same characteristics as to the 

 routes, time, manner of flight and the absence of resting individuals. 

 During these migrations Uranxis fulgcns was observed simultaneously 

 at all points on the Canal Zone and there were about an equal number 

 of males and females. 



BOOK REVIEWS. 



Orthoptera of Northeastern America with Especial Reference 

 TO the Faunas of Indiana and Florida. By W. S. Blatchlev. 

 The Nature Publishing Company. Indianapolis, 1920. y^j^ pp., 7 

 plates, 246 text figures, bibliography, glossary, index to synonyms 



