64 COLEOPTEKA. 



surface, and on part of the legs. The species of this genus are 

 found on bushes, or under bark. 



Several of the exotic genera of this family have antennse of 

 enormous length ; thus, the brown East Indian species of Meco- 

 ceras, Schonh., which are about an inch long, have antennae full 

 three inches in length. But their structure is so palpably Rhyn- 

 chophorous that they could not easily be mistaken for Longicornia. 



SECTION XII.— Longicornia. 



Tarsi four-jointed ; antennae long or very long, filiform ; man- 

 dibles strong; tip of the abdomen produced into a short ovipositor 

 in the female ; larvse wood-borers. 



The Longicornia may generally be easily recognised by the 

 chai'acters just cited. They are divided into three very distinct 

 families. 



Family I. — Prionidce. 



Labrum small and indistinct ; mandibles very large, especially 

 in the males ; antennse stout, of moderate length ; scape very 

 thick, inserted near the mandibles, or near, but not within, the 

 orbits ; head not flattened in front ; eyes kidney-shaped. 



The Prionidce are much broader and bulkier in proportion than 

 any of the other Longicorns, and some of them are among the 

 largest beetles known. Their great mandibles give them a super- 

 ficial resemblance to the Lucanidce, from which the structure of 

 their antennse will at once distinguish them. 



Parandra, Latr., is very unlike the typical species. The species 

 ire of moderate size, rather depressed, with large mandibles and 

 short antennse. P. Brunnea, Fabr., which is common in the United 

 States, is of a shining reddish brown, and is about an inch in 

 length. 



The structure of the mandibles in the Prionidce differs very 

 much in different species, and the thorax is often armed with 

 strong lateral spines or teeth. These latter are very conspicuous 

 in Cyrtognathus JValkeri, Waterh., a black Himalayan species, 

 which is also remarkable for its simply-formed but large and 

 divergent mandibles, and its stout bristly antennse and legs. 



One species only of this family (Prionus Coriarius, Linn.) is 

 found in England, where, however, it is by no means common. 

 It is a jjitchy-brown insect, an inch or more in length, with pro- 



