MOTHS. 193 



moths, the females are apterous, and the colours of the males are 

 brown or yellow, so as to assimilate them to dead leaves. Hybernia 

 Defoliaria, Linn., is of a dull yellowish colour, dusted and 

 varied with brown. 



The Larentiidce, one of the largest families, of the Geometrm, 

 includes species of small or moderate size, which are known as 

 " Pugs " and " Carpets." In many the hind wings are without 

 markings, but in others they are coloured like the fore wings. In 

 the former case, the fore wings are generally marked with a simple 

 or compound transverse band, broader above than below, and 

 darker than the rest of the wing, or else of quite a different colour. 



Larentia Cyanata, Hiibn., one of the prettiest species of this 

 family, is an Alpine insect. It is pale grey, with the base and 

 central band of the fore wings blue. A great number of species 

 are very similar to this in pattern, though not in colouring. 



Eupithecia, Curt., includes a number of small species, most of 

 which expand considerably less than an inch. The fore and hind 

 wings are generally marked nearly alike, and are brown or grey, 

 with central dark spots, and three or four dark transverse lines ; a 

 few species are marked with tawny or green. Many of the species 

 resemble each other very closely, and are very difficult to determine. 



The genus Lohophora, Curt., is remarkable for the small size of 

 the hind Avings, which are provided with an additional lobe at the 

 base in several species, giving them the appearance of having six 

 wings. L. Sexalisata, Hiibn., is jDale grey, with brown markings, and 

 pale hind wings. 



Many of the largest and most conspicuous sj^ecies of this family 

 belong to Cidaria, Treitschke. C. Fulvata, W. V., is yellow, with a 

 rust-coloured band, bordered with black in front on the fore wings ; 

 the hind wings are whitish. It is not an uncommon species. 



Another handsome species of this family is Melamppe Hastata, 

 Linn., which has finely contrasted black and white markings. 



Eubolia Cervinaria, W. V., may be taken as our representative 

 of the Euholiidce. It is reddish brown, with darker bands on the 

 fore wings ; the hind wings are greyish brown, with an ill-defined 

 paler band in the centre. 



Tanagra Chcerophyllata, Linn., the Chimney Sweep, is a sooty 

 black moth with a narrow whitish fringe at the tip of the fore 

 wings. It expands about an inch, and is common in most locali- 

 ties. It belongs to the family Sionidce. 



The Erateinidce are a beautiful family, confined to tropical 



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