FAMILY FURNARIIDAE 57 



The sequence of genera followed is that of Peters (Check-list 

 Birds of the World, vol. 7, 1951). 



KEY TO SPECIES OF FURNARIIDAE 



1. Bill with culmen straight from base to tip; distal half of mandible curved 



upward 2 



Bill with culmen curved downward at tip 3 



2. Foreneck and breast streaked heavily with dull white. 



Streaked xenops, Xenops rutilans, p. 104 

 Breast plain, unmarked ; foreneck streaked lightly and indistinctly. 



Plain xenops, Xenops minutus, p. 107 



3. Wing with two definite bars 4 



Wing without definite bars 5 



4. Size small, wing less than 60 mm. 



Double-banded soft-tail, Xenerpestcs minlosi umbraticus, p. 70 

 Larger, wing more than 90 mm. 



Lawrence's tufted-cheek, Pseitdocolaptes lazvrencii laivrencii, p. 79 



5. Crown wholly or partly bright rufous-brown 6 



Crown not bright rufous-brown 9 



6. Crown wholly rufous-brown 7 



Forehead gray, or dusky gray 8 



7. Entire dorsal surface rufous to cinnamon-brown. 



Rusty-backed spinetail, Cranioleuca vulpina dissita, p. 68 

 Only the crown and tail rufous-brown, back duller brown. 



Red-faced spinetail, Cranioleuca erythrops, adult, p. 65 



8. Back and tail grayish brown. 



Pale-breasted spinetail, Sytiallaxis albescens latitabunda, adult, p. 59 

 Back and tail dusky to nearly black. 



Slaty spinetail, Synallaxis brachyura, adult, p. 62 



9. Tail longer than wing 10 



Tail not longer than wing 12 



10. Tail rufous-brown. 



Red-faced spinetail, Cranioleuca erythrops, immature, p. 65 

 Tail brownish gray, or slaty black 11 



11. Tail brownish gray. 



Pale-breasted spinetail, Synallaxis albescens latitabunda, immature, p. 59 

 Tail slaty black Slaty spinetail, Synallaxis brachyura, immature, p. 62 



12. Breast and abdomen spotted with white or buffy white 13 



Breast and abdomen streaked, or without markings ; not spotted with 



white 16 



13. Spots small and indistinct, restricted on abdomen; sides rufous-brown. 



Ruddy margarornis, Margarornis rubiginosus, p. 73 

 Spots prominent, including abdomen 14 



14. Bill longer, 20 mm or more ; side of head dark brown. 



Sharp-tailed creeper, Lochinias neinatura nelsoni, p. 118 



