156 BIRDS OF THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA PART 3 



Rio Calovevora on the Caribbean slope of Veraguas ; common in the 

 higher forests of Cerro Campana, western Province of Panama. 



Above Boquete, Chiriqui, Bangs (Proc. New England Zool. Club, 

 1902, p. 41) reported male and female taken in February and April 

 1901, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Blake (Fieldiana: Zool., vol. 36, 1958, 

 p. 531 ) received only one male in the Monniche collection from 

 Horqueta near 1600 meters, collected June 18, 1933. Salvin and 

 Godman (Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, vol. 2, 1892, p. 207) list "Volcan 

 de Chiriqui" as one of the localities from which they received this 

 bird from Arce, which should mean the area on the south and southeast 

 base of the volcano. We have an immature male, received from the 

 Gorgas Memorial Laboratory, collected by R. Hinds, September 11, 

 1961, at 750 meters on the upper Rio Changuena, in the mountains 

 of western Bocas del Toro. Farther east, in Veraguas, Salvin (Proc. 

 Zool. Soc. London, 1867. p. 144) listed it from Arce specimens at 

 Santa Fe, and later (loc. cit., 1870, p. 194) cited others from Calo- 

 vevora, Calobre, and Chitra. Sclater (Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., vol. 15, 

 1890, p. 222) lists a male from Santa Fe, and male and female from 

 Calovevora received in the Salvin-Godman collection. The U.S. 

 National Museum has a male (without date) from Calovevora taken 

 by Arce that came from Salvin. 



In March 1951 I was interested to find these birds common in the 

 higher forests on the southern face of Cerro Campana, mainly 

 around 850 meters elevation. This is the most eastern point for this 

 race. Beyond Panama it is found to the north to Campeche, Mexico 

 (with no record from El Salvador or, as yet, from Nicaragua). 



In Costa Rica, Skutch (Pac. Coast Avif., no. 35, 1969, pp. 202- 

 208) found these birds nesting from February to July. The nest, 

 like that of a vireo, is suspended from a fork at the end of a branch or 

 from two adjacent thin branches or twigs, elevated a little more 

 than half a meter to 2 meters from the ground in the undergrowth in 

 forest. It is built of dark filamentous materials, adorned externally 

 with green moss. Both sexes build, incubate (only the female at 

 night) and feed the young. The two eggs (recorded in 11 nests) were 

 "dull white, flecked and blotched all over, but most heavily on the 

 thick end. with purplish brown." In 12 eggs the range of measure- 

 ments was 19.1-21.4x14.3-14.7 mm. When nests were approached 

 the incubating parent (male or female) dropped to the ground and 

 fluttered away with spread, beating wings and a prominent display of 

 the light colored bands (white in the male, buff in the female) on the 

 outer webs of the scapulars. The young, as usual in this family, are 



