172 BIRDS OF THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA PART 3 



Small ; male, black to slaty black, sides and flanks white ; female, 

 dark gray to olive above, cinnamon-buff below, with flanks white as 

 in the male, throat white. 



Beyond Panama this subspecies ranges in Colombia from the 

 western side of the Gulf of Uraba east to the lower Magdalena 

 Valley. 



Description. — Length 90-100 mm. Adult male, above black to 

 slate ; outer scapulars and most of lesser wing coverts white ; middle 

 and greater coverts with a white spot at tip ; inner primaries and 

 secondaries in some edged and tipped narrowly with white ; tail tipped 

 lightly with white (this mark often lost from wear) ; forepart of 

 under surface and abdomen black ; under tail coverts black, tipped 

 with white; sides, flanks, under wing coverts, and inner webs of 

 primaries clear white. 



Adult female, anterior line of forehead grayish to dull cinnamon ; 

 upper surface, dark gray to dull olive, becoming brownish on lower 

 back ; upper tail coverts dull brown ; tail dull brown, tipped and edged 

 narrowly with dull cinnamon ; wing coverts in some with obscure 

 spots of dull cinnamon-brown ; wings edged narrowly with dull 

 cinnamon-brown ; side of head dull gray, spotted obscurely with 

 white ; throat white ; rest of under surface buff, including under wing 

 coverts, and inner margins of primaries ; under tail coverts cinnamon- 

 buff. 



Juvenile male, crown blackish slate ; back and scapulars dull 

 brownish black; upper tail coverts dull grayish brown; wings dull 

 fuscous-black, with wing coverts spotted and primaries edged nar- 

 rowly with pale cinnamon-buff ; throat dull white, barred indistinctly 

 with black; lower foreneck and breast dull buffy brown; lower 

 abdomen and flanks white; under wing coverts as in adult. 



A male, collected at Caiiita, Panama, February 6, 1952, had the 

 iris wood brown ; bill black, tarsus, toes, and claws bluish neutral 

 gray. 



Measurements. — Males (10 from Panama), wing 51.0-54.3 (52.2), 

 tail 30.4-34.5 (32.7), culmen from base 14.0-15.1 (14.4), tarsus 

 15.5-16.7 (15.9) mm. 



Females (10 from Panama), wing 48.9-50.9 (49.7), tail 30.0- 

 31.9 (30.9), culmen from base 13.5-14.9 (14.3), tarsus 15.4-15.9 

 (15.6) mm. 



Resident. Common in regions of heavy forest. On the Pacific 

 slope from Cerro Campana, Cerro Azul, and Chepo, Province of 

 Panama, east through Darien to the Colombian boundary. On the 



