l88 BIRDS OF THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA PART 3 



slopes, in Chiriqui, Bocas del Toro, and northern Veraguas, ranging 

 upward to the lower Subtropical Zone in Chiriqui and Bocas del 

 Toro; found near 1525 meters on the slopes of Cerro Pando, beyond 

 El Volcan, and at 750 meters on the upper Rio Changuena, Bocas 

 del Toro. 



Beyond Panama this race ranges on the Caribbean slope from 

 southeastern Mexico through Central America to Nicaragua, and on 

 both Pacific and Caribbean sides from Costa Rica into western 

 Panama. 



I have found them fairly common in Chiriqui from near El Volcan 

 west beyond Santa Clara toward Costa Rica, near Buena Vista, on 

 the upper Rio Escarrea, in the Puerto Armuelles area at Aguacaton 

 near the sea, and along the Rio San Bartolo at the base of the hills 

 that mark the Costa Rican boundary. One in the British Museum 

 (Natural History) was taken by Arce at Mina de Chorcha, near 

 David in 1869. There are specimens in the American Museum of 

 Natural History from Bugaba and Boqueron, Chiriqui, and the Rio 

 Calovevora, on the Caribbean slope of northern Veraguas. 



A nest found by Wharton Huber (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila- 

 delphia, 1932, p. 226) was a "more or less globular pendant affair 

 hanging from the end of a very thin limb. It is carefully attached 

 and woven to the end of two twigs having a bunch of green leaves 

 at their ends. The entrance is near the top and on one side, nearly 

 roofed over. Composed of dry leaves and palm shreds woven to- 

 gether with the long shredded stems of ferns, some of these from 

 stems hanging down eighteen inches below the nest. The lining is 

 of fine fern stems, the whole nest with its green moss and long 

 dripping fern stems looks just like so many other bunches of moss 

 hanging everywhere that without the singing bird on the nest it 

 would never have been noticed." The two eggs, heavily incubated 

 were "creamy white spotted chiefly around the larger end with dark 

 vinaceous brown with a slight violet tint." They measured 22x16 

 and 21.5x16 mm. This nest was brooded by the male, which sang 

 steadily with his head thrust out the entrance. The female was not 

 seen. 



Skutch (Pac. Coast Avif., no. 35, 1969, pp. 229-235) on Barro 

 Colorado Island and in southwestern Costa Rica, found them choos- 

 ing nest sites in the more open areas of forest, or at the outer border. 

 The nesting season extended from February to October. The nest, 

 located from a little more than half a meter to about 2^ meters from 

 the ground was "a deep, pensile pouch with a strongly oblique 



