190 BIRDS OF THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA PART 3 



and loral area slate-gray, with a wash of chestnut-brown, in some 

 extensive, in others reduced ; rest of upper surface, including wings 

 and tail cinnamon-rufous ; edgings of primaries slightly paler ; 

 anterior margin of lesser wing coverts white or pale bufif; wing 

 coverts in some tipped indistinctly with cinnamon, occasionally with 

 faint indication of a subterminal bar of dusky ; side of head, throat, 

 foreneck, and upper breast black, passing to gray on upper breast 

 and sides, with median area and abdomen white ; lower sides and 

 flanks tawny to clay color ; under tail coverts tawny ; under wing 

 coverts white or bufify white ; inner edges of primaries pale cinnamon- 

 bufif. 



Adult female ; crown slightly paler gray, with brown wash on 

 pileum and hindneck duller ; upper surface cinnamon-rufous, with 

 more extensive black on anterior lesser wing coverts, and all of the 

 wing coverts with indefinite to clearly marked subterminal bars of 

 black ; wings and tail otherwise as in male ; sides of head dark brown 

 or dusky, usually with narrow shaft lines of white or bufif; chin 

 white ; malar region and throat ochraceous-buff, becoming slightly 

 darker on foreneck and upper breast ; sides and flanks ochraceous- 

 buff ; lower breast and abdomen white ; under tail coverts tawny- 

 ochraceous ; under wing markings as in male. 



Immature male, like female, but without dark markings on wings, 

 changing early to the adult stage through growth of black and gray 

 feathers on anterior lower surface. 



A male, taken at La Jagua, Panama, January 13, 1962, had the iris 

 reddish brown ; bill black ; tarsus and toes flesh color ; claws brownish 

 neutral gray. 



A female collected at El Llano, February 5, 1962, was similar in 

 color of iris; maxilla and tip of mandible black; base of mandible 

 pale neutral gray ; tarsus and toes very pale brownish white ; claws 

 neutral gray. 



Measurements. — Males (10 from Province of Panama and Canal 

 Zone), wing 66.4-69.5 (67.7), tail 47.2-53.5 (50.8), culmen from 

 base 19.7-21.6 (20.8), tarsus 30.0-31.7 (30.8) mm. 



Females (10 from Province of Panama and Canal Zone), wing 

 63.4-66.1 (64.7), tail 46.9-51.0 (48.9), culmen from base 19.0-21.6 

 (20.2), tarsus 28.9-30.7 (29.6) mm. 



R. S. Crossin recorded the weight of a male taken near Gamboa, 

 Canal Zone, as 28 grams. 



Resident. Locally common in central Panama, where it is recorded 

 from El Valle, Code and the south base of Cerro Campana east 



