FAMILY FORMICARIIDAE 221 



immature female (now in the British Museum) taken by Arce and 

 forwarded to Salvin in one of his early collections. It is labeled 

 "Veragua" and was so listed by Salvin (Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 

 1866, p. 74), but the following year was cited by this same author 

 (idem, 1867, p. 145) as from "Santiago de Veragua," and still later 

 by Salvin and Godman (Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, vol. 2, 1892, 

 p. 235) as "Santiago de Veraguas." Since F. nigricapillus is not 

 found in the lowlands, this is another of the early erroneous reports 

 attributed to "Santiago." It may have come from Arce's locality 

 Calovevora, as a female in the American Museum of Natural History, 

 labeled Rio Calovevora, was taken there by Benson, September 12, 

 1926. 



Peters (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 71, 1931, p. 321) records a 

 male taken by H. von Wedel, March 24, 1928, at 450 meters on the 

 trail from Chiriqui Grande to Boquete, in Bocas del Toro. Blake 

 (Fieldiana Zool., vol. 36, 1958, p. 532) listed another male collected 

 July 14, 1933, at 1460 meters at Cedral, higher up on this same 

 trail. The fifth report is of a male that I found at 900 meters near 

 the summit of Cerro Campana, on the south face, in the western sector 

 of the Province of Panama. This individual ranged in heavily 

 shaded undergrowth, and unlike Formicariiis analis was silent. It may 

 be noted that because of the sweep of the trade winds over this 

 elevated ridge the vegetation was dripping wet on the exposed 

 northern slope, and correspondingly dry on the other side. 



In Costa Rica, Slud (Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 128, 1964. 

 p. 220) reports that F. n. nigricapillus is known from "the Cordillera 

 Central and from the Cerro de Santa Maria in the Guanacaste 

 Cordillera. . . . This distribution makes it almost exclusively a 

 Caribbean species confined to the upper tropical and lower subtropical 

 belts." 



From the little known of the few individuals that have been re- 

 ported, it is similar to the widely distributed F. analis in form and 

 general appearance, but differs definitely in darker color pattern. This 

 is seen especially on the head, where the reddish brown pattern of 

 the other group is replaced by an extension of the black of the crown. 

 The nominate race of nigricapillus, as stated, is found in Costa Rica 

 and western Panama. The subspecies F. n. destructus, named by 

 Hartert from western Ecuador, ranges in western Colombia north 

 to central Choco. 



Eisenmann reports the call, heard on Cerro Campana, as a single 

 note, given about 10 times in the space of 5 seconds, with repetition 



