FAMILY COTINGIDAE 293 



I was interested to find them at 1850 meters elevation on the 

 slopes near Cerro Punta and to note that Monniche recorded them 

 to over 1600 meters above Boquete, in Chiriqui. Possibly they have 

 moved upward as the forests have been cleared, leaving the hill 

 slopes more open, with many dead trees standing that are always an 

 attraction to this species. 



TITYRA SEMIFASCIATA COLUMBIANA Ridgway 



Tityra semifasciata colmnbiana Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 19, 

 September 6, 1906, p. 119. (La Concepcion, 900 meters elevation, north 

 slope. Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia.) 



Characters. — Male paler, white to grayish white on lower surface, 

 only faintly darker above; female lighter colored, more grayish 

 brown above. 



A male, taken at Armila, San Bias, March 7, 1963, had the iris 

 orange-brown ; bare area of side of head, and the basal half of the bill, 

 dull wine-red ; tip of bill black, changing to neutral gray at the center ; 

 tarsus and toes dark neutral gray ; claws black. A female, taken at the 

 same time was like the male, except that the black area of the tip of 

 the bill was more extensive so that the neutral gray area at the center 

 was much restricted. 



Measurements. — Males (10 from Province of Panama, Darien, and 

 San Bias), wing 111.2-119.8 (115.7), tail 62.5-69.3 (66.4), culmen 

 from base 25.0-26.4 (25.7), tarsus 24.3-26.8 (25.5) mm. 



Females (7 from Darien and San Bias), wing 108.7-119.2 (114.5), 

 tail 62.7-68.5 (65.4), culmen from base 24.2-28.1 (26.4), tarsus 

 24.2-25.7 (25.0) mm. 



Resident. Common in the Tropical Zone on both coasts ; on the 

 Pacific side from San Antonio, beyond Chepo, on the lower Rio 

 Bayano, through Darien to the Colombian boundary ; to 850 meters at 

 Cana on Cerro Pirre. On the Caribbean side recorded to date only in 

 eastern San Bias from Perme eastward to Colombia. 



Comparatively little is known in Panama of this paler race of the 

 species. I found it fairly common along the Rio Chiman and the Rio 

 Maje in eastern Province of Panama, but not in the hill country 

 inland. Probably here it may range among the dead stubs that 

 project above the dense foliage of the high tree crown where it is 

 hidden from view from the ground. It was common also in the upper 

 Tuira-Chucunaque Valley near the mouth of the Rio Paya and of the 

 Rio Tuquesa. It is known also from Santa Fe, Yaviza, and the Rio 

 Cupe. Barbour and Brooks took one on the slopes of Cerro Sapo back 



