472 BIRDS OF THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA PART 3 



Weight. <$ 9.1 grams (Hilty and Leek). 



Resident. Rare ; recorded in the highlands of Chiriqui above 

 Boquete, and near Nueva Suiza ; casual in the lowlands at Chiriquicito, 

 Bocas del Toro, and in the Canal Zone. 



Sclater and Salvin (Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1864, p. 360) re- 

 ceived one from McLeannan, presumed to have come from near the 

 Lion Hill station on the Panama Railroad. The specimen, now in 

 the British Museum (Natural History), is labeled female, but with- 

 out other data. Another lowland specimen, in the Museum of Com- 

 parative Zoology, is a female from Chiriquicito, Bocas del Toro, 

 taken by F. H. Kennard, March 26, 1926. A male in the American 

 Museum of Natural History was collected April 23, 1968, at about 

 1870 meters elevation, above Nueva Suiza, by S. Hilty and C. Leek. 

 Of three adults in the Monniche collection in the Chicago Natural 

 History Museum, a male was taken at Lerida, June 23, 1936, and 

 two females at Velo, June 13 and 15, 1933. A fully grown juvenile 

 male came from Lerida, June 27, 1936. 



Eisenmann, in manuscript notes, said of this species that "it evi- 

 dently breeds in the Chiriqui highlands," where he heard one singing 

 at Alto Lino, at about 1200 meters elevation, on July 19 and 20, 1964. 

 The bird mentioned, resting on a wire passing above a brushy area, 

 "uttered an explosive buzzy, but not loud pseeyp or kzeyp. As it 

 sang it raised the head and neck and elevated the crown feathers 

 slightly." 



The only account of nesting in this species that I have seen is that 

 of Dickerman (Condor, 1958, pp. 259-260. fig. 2) who collected a 

 pair of the race Empidonax albigularis tiniidus, with their nest, 

 near El Salto, Durango, in northwestern Mexico on July 7, 1956. The 

 nest, placed about a meter above the ground, in a crotch in a small 

 willow beside a stream, was a thick-walled cup built of dried grasses, 

 lined with similar but finer materials. The three eggs (in the collec- 

 tion of the Minnesota Museum of Natural History) are "creamy, 

 with a wreath or crown of burnt umber spots and splotches circling 

 the larger end." The accompanying photograph indicates that they 

 vary from subelliptical to short subelliptical in form. They measure 

 17.2x13.2, 17.8x12.5, and 17.3x13.1 mm. Goldman (Smithsonian 

 Misc. Coll., vol. 115, 1915, p. 142) gives the elevation at El Salto 

 as ranging from about 2315 to 2550 meters. 



While White-throated Flycatchers nowhere are common, they 

 range widely from Mexico to Panama. Early information on them 

 was scanty, with confusion in names applied to them. As a whole 



