520 BIRDS OF THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA — PART 3 



Description. — Length 90-100 mm. Adult male, forecrown black, 

 extension posteriorly of this color, variable individually, merging 

 into slate color on the nape, where streaked somewhat obscurely with 

 black ; back, scapulars, lesser wing coverts, and rump pale to dark 

 olive-green, in some with the back near slate on the upper area ; smaller 

 upper tail coverts often yellowish ; wings black, the middle and 

 greater wing coverts and inner flight feathers edged and tipped with 

 sulphur yellow ; tail black tipped and edged with white ; lores black, in 

 some tipped lightly with yellowish white ; side of head blackish slate 

 to slate ; under surface, including the malar region, under tail coverts, 

 axillars, and under wing coverts yellow ; tibia dull black, barred with 

 brownish white ; inner webs of remiges edged with brownish white. 



Adult female similar, but usually with loral and frontal area with 

 more tipping of yellowish white (this found also in some males), 

 and dorsal surface often paler, more grayish olive-green. 



A male, taken at the Candelaria Hydrographic Station, eastern 

 Province of Panama, March 4, 1961, had the iris pale yellow ; extreme 

 tip of maxilla, lower half of mandibular rami, a line on the gonys, 

 and tip of mandible ivory-white ; rest of bill black ; tarsus and toes 

 dark neutral gray ; claws black. 



A female collected at El Potrero, Code, March 8, 1962, had the 

 iris light yellow ; maxilla black ; mandible dull white with a faint 

 grayish tinge ; tarsus and toes as in the male. 



Measurements. — Males (10 from Chiriqui, Veraguas, Herrera, 

 Canal Zone, eastern Province of Panama, Bocas del Toro, western 

 Colon, and San Bias), wing 41.6-44.9 (43.2), tail 31.0-35.7 (337), 

 culmen from base 14.9-17.8 (16.1), tarsus 17.9-18.8 (18.3) mm. 



Females (10 from Chiriqui, Canal Zone, eastern Province of 

 Panama, and Bocas del Toro), wing 41.8-43.6 (42.4), tail 29.7-34.3 

 (31.5), culmen from base 15.2-16.5 (15.7), tarsus 18.1-18.9 (18.4) 

 mm. 



Resident. Common in open, bushy areas in the Tropical Zone ; on 

 the Pacific slope from western Chiriqui (Sereno, El Volcan, Puerto 

 Armuelles) east through Veraguas and the eastern side of the Azuero 

 Peninsula through Herrera to northeastern Los Santos (Monagre), 

 the Canal Zone, and the adjacent area of the eastern Province of 

 Panama (Pacora, La Jagua, and Chepo) ; to Darien, at Boca de Cupe 

 on the Rio Tuira, and Cana (550 meters elevation) on Cerro Pirre. 

 On the Caribbean side from western Bocas del Toro, northern 

 Veraguas, Colon (Rio Indio, Portobelo), northern Canal Zone, and 

 San Bias (Mandinga, Puerto Obaldia) ; Isla Coiba. 



