FAMILY TYRANNIDAE 581 



more prominently, with pale dull olive-green ; a dusky spot in front of 

 eye; forehead behind nostrils white, this continued on upper margin 

 of lores and over eye as a narrow superciliary line ; side of head dull 

 white, mixed more or less with dusky ; chin and throat dull white, 

 lined faintly with dull gray ; lower f oreneck. upper breast, and sides 

 dull olive, with indistinct edgings of yellow to yellowish white; 

 abdomen, flanks, and under tail coverts yellow ; under wing coverts 

 dusky on carpal area ; edge of wing and under wing coverts pale 

 yellow ; inner webs of wing feathers margined with pale yellowish 

 white. 



A male, taken at Santa Clara, Chiriqui, February 19, 1955, had the 

 iris light reddish brown ; maxilla fuscous ; mandible flesh color ; tarsus 

 and toes fuscous : inside of mouth dull orange. 



Measurements. — Males (6 from Costa Rica and Chiriqui). wing 

 60.1-63.0 (61.4), tail 43.6-47.1 (45.2), culmen from base 9.4-10.5 

 (9.8, average of 4), tarsus 14.1-15.4 (14.8) mm. 



Females (3 from Chiriqui), wing 59.5-61.0 (60.4), tail 44.5-45.5 

 (45.1), culmen from base 9.0-9.2 (9.1), tarsus 14.2-14.7 (14.5) mm. 



Resident. Rare ; known from a few records in forested areas in 

 the upper Tropical and lower Subtropical zones in Chiriqui. 



The White-fronted Tyrannulet was recorded first in Panama by 

 Bangs (Proc. Xew England Zool. Club, vol. 3, 1902, p. 35) from 

 three females collected by W. W. Brown, Jr., near Boquete, on 

 January 20 and 23. and March 10, 1901. Monniche secured a male, 

 August 1. 1932. at about 1600 meters elevation at Lerida. above 

 Boquete. In Costa Rica, Slud (Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 128, 

 1964, p. 272) recorded six localities in which it has been found, mainly 

 on the Caribbean slope, and in the Dota mountains. 



On the three occasions when I saw this bird in life, I found single 

 individuals moving quietly through the upper branches of under- 

 growth at the borders of forest. In movement, appearance, slightly 

 tilting flight, and method of feeding, they suggest the Paltry 

 Tyrannulet, but are slightly larger, yellower underneath, and with 

 the lower half of the bill light colored (instead of black). All three 

 were males. March 26, 1954, one was in open shrubbery at about 

 1200 meters along the Rio Colorado, a tributary of the Rio Chiriqui 

 Viejo, 10 kilometers west of El Volcan. Another, 20 kilometers 

 farther west, near Santa Clara, on February 19, 1955, was in the 

 tops of the undergrowth along a trail through a coffee plantation, at 

 1300 meters. The third, taken by an assistant, was collected Febru- 

 ary 25, 1960. at 1800 meters on Cerro Pando. Their slightly larger 



